问题 问答题

为了研究“电阻的大小与哪些因素有关”,某小组同学选用长度、横截面积不同的若干镍铬合金导体,接在同一恒压电源两端,在常温下进行实验,用电流表测得通过合金导体的电流,并将实验数据记录在下表中.

实验序号123456789
材料镍铬合金
长度(米)0.10.20.30.20.40.60.30.60.9
横截面积

(×10-43

222444666
电流(安)0.30.150.10.30.150.10.30.150.1
①分析比较实验序号1、2与3(或4、5与6或7、8、9)的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,______.

②分析比较实验序号______的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,同种材料制成的长度相同的导体,横截面积越小,电阻越大.

③进一步分析比较实验序号1、4与7或2、5与8或3、6与9的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,______.

实验序号101112
材料锰铜合金
长度(米)0.10.20.3
横截面积

(×10-43

333
电流(安)0.60.30.2
④进一步分析比较实验序号1、4与7和2、5与8和3、6与9的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,______.

⑤在得到上述初步结论后,另一组同学还想继续研究电阻的大小与导体材料的关系,他们选用长度和横截面积不同的若干锰铜合金导体在常温下进行实验,记录的电流如右表表示.该小组同学______(选填“能”或“不能”)得到想要的结论,理由是______.

答案

①分析比较实验序号1、2与3(或4、5与6或7、8、9)的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,同种材料制成的横截面积相同的导体,长度越长,电阻越大.

故答案为:同种材料制成的横截面积相同的导体,长度越长,电阻越大.

②分析比较实验序号2与4(或3与7或6与8)的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,同种材料制成的长度相同的导体,横截面积越小,电阻越大.

故答案为:2与4(或3与7或6与8).

③进一步分析比较实验序号1、4与7或2、5与8或3、6与9的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,同种材料制成的导体,当长度与横截面积的比值相同时,电阻大小也相同.

故答案为:同种材料制成的导体,当长度与横截面积的比值相同时,电阻大小也相同.

④进一步分析比较实验序号1、4与7和2、5与8和3、6与9的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:常温下,同种材料制成的导体,当长度与横截面积的比值越大,电阻越大.

故答案为:同种材料制成的导体,当长度与横截面积的比值越大,电阻越大.

⑤在得到上述初步结论后,另一组同学还想继续研究电阻的大小与导体材料的关系,他们选用长度和横截面积不同的若干锰铜合金导体在常温下进行实验,记录的电流如右表表示.该小组同学不能得到想要的结论,理由是没有控制横截面积相同.

故答案为:不能;没有控制横截面积相同.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the

list or come up with a few of your own.

      # Plant flowers, grass or trees.

      # Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there and keep litter in a bag until you

can put it in a dustbin (垃圾箱).

      # Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves a lot of electricity.

      # Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use

a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.

      # Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.

      # Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.

      # Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.

      # Use both sides of paper.

      # Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.

      # Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.

      You don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone

makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become more and more beautiful.

1. From the above, we know that this is ______.

A. a proposal (倡议书)

B. a poster

C. an ad

2. The writer tells us ______.

A. to pour dirty water into the rivers

B. to throw litter into a dustbin

C. to save water by letting it run while we are brushing our teeth

3. We can ______ to save paper.

A. use a paper cup

B. throw old books away

C. use both sides of paper

4. Which of the following is WRONG according to the writer?

A. Give your old clothes to the poor children.

B. Close the doors in winter.

C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.

5. The main idea of this passage is how to ______.

A. save water and electricity

B. protect the earth

C. make better use of old things

单项选择题