问题 问答题 论述题

论述空运货物的运输方式。

答案

参考答案:

空运货物一般包括:班机运输、包机运输、集中托运、航空急件传送、代办送交业务与联合运输等。具体分析如下:

(1)班机运输班机指按定期开航的航线,定始发站、到达站和途经站的飞机。班机运输能安全、迅速并准确地到达世界上各通航地点,使收货人能掌握货物起运和到达的时间、地点。但由于班机运输是以客运为主,货舱有限,不能满足数量较大货物的及时运出,运价较包机运输为贵。

(2)包机运输包机运输可分为整架包机和部分包机。①整架包机。整架包机指航空公司或包机代理公司按照与租机人事先约定的条件和租机费率,将整架飞机租给包机人,从一个或几个航空港装运货物至指定目的港的运输方式。它适合于运输大宗货物。一般来说,整机运输比班机运输的费用要低。②部分包机。部分包机指由几家航空货运代理公司或发货人联合包租整架飞机,或由包机公司把整架飞机的舱位分租给几家航空货运代理公司。这种运输方式适合于不足整机的货物或一吨以上小吨位的货物运输,其运费较班机费率低,但运送时间比班机的要长些。

(3)集中托运方式集中托运方式是指航空货运代理公司把若干单独发运的货物组成一整批向航空公司集中托运,填写一份总运单发运到同一目的港,由航空货运代理公司委托目的港当地的代理人负责收货、报关并分拨给各个实际收货人的一种运输方式。航空货运代理公司对每一委托人另发一份代理公司签发的运单,以便委托人转给收货人凭此提取货物或收取货款。这种运输方式可争取较低运价,在航空运输中使用比较普遍,也是航空货运代理的主要业务之一。

(4)航空急件传送航空急件传送是由一个专门经营此种业务的捷运公司和航空公司合作,设专人用最快速度在发货人、机场与收货人之间传送急件。急送运达时间一般在1~2天或数小时,颇受各界欢迎。

(5)代办送交业务在贸易往来中,为了推销商品,扩大贸易,往往向推销对象赠送样品、商品目录、印刷品等。航空货运代理人负责代办提取、转运等工作。航空货运代理所垫付的一切费用集中向委托人收取。

(6)联合运输联合运输方式如海空联运、陆空联运、陆空陆联运等。采用这些运输方式,其运送速度快、费用省,手续简便,又可在装上第一程运输工具后即可办理结汇手续,有利于加速资金周转。

单项选择题

Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. (91) the fruitfly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly (92) to live shorter lives. This suggests that (93) bulbs burn longer, that there is an (94) in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it (95) , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow (96) the starting line because it depends on learning—a gradual (97) —instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to (98) .
Is there an adaptive value to (99) intelligence That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance (100) at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q. wise, it implicitly asks what the real (101) of our own intelligence might be. This is (102) the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would (103) on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, (104) , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning, we believe that (105) animals ran the labs, they would test us to (106) the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really (107) , not merely how much of it there is. (108) , they would hope to study a (109) question. Are humans actually aware of the world they live in (110) the results are inconclusive.

A.deliver

B.carry

C.perform

D.apply

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