问题 问答题 简答题

果实大小和着色好坏与那些因素有关?如何增大果实和促进果实着色?

答案

参考答案:

果实大小主要决定于果实细胞的数量和体积大小,还与细胞间隙有关。果实细胞分裂开始于花原始体形成,开花时停止,以后视果树种类而异。有的树种不再分裂、只有细胞增大,如黑醋栗;有的树种一直分裂到果实成熟,如草莓、油梨;而大多数介于二者之间。由此可见,花前改变果实细胞数目的机会多于花后,也就是说,花芽的发育质量对果实大小意义重大。果实发育中后期,即果实细胞体积增大期,最初原生质稍有增长,随后主要是液泡增大,除水分外,碳水化合物的绝对量呈直线上升。此期间,光合产物能够向果实供应多少,是果实能否长大的又一个关键。总之,要使果实增大,除品种因素外,栽培上应突出抓好提高花芽分化质和果实发育期间(尤其是细胞分裂期和细胞迅速膨大期)的营养供应。

果实色泽变化与果实内不同色素的消长密切相关,其中花青素是水溶性色素,主要存在于细胞质或细胞液中,当PH值低时呈红色、高时呈兰紫色,与金属离子结合可呈现出各种颜色;随果实成熟,果实中叶绿素减退,花青素增多,果实体现品种固有色泽。花青素来源于糖,形成需要有直射光的照射,因此改善光照条件,健树保叶、适当控氮控水、增施磷钾肥,保证营养供应是促进果实着色的关键。

单项选择题

I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low paid job. Money was always tight, but we had a (1) over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs, and if not a lot, always (2) . Not knowing we were poor, my kids just thought I was (3) . I’ve always been glad about that.
It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t (4) for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party. But the big (5) for the kids was the fun of Christmas (6) .
They planned weeks ahead of time, asking (7) what they wanted for Christmas. Fortunately, I had saved MYM120 for (8) to share by all five of us.
The big (9) arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and (10) them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered. We had two hours to shop; then we would (11) back at the "Santa’s Workshop"
Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, (12) my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually (13) She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies—fiftycent candies I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything (14) we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, (15) to be angry again. This is what she told me.
"I was looking (16) thinking of what to buy, and I (17) to read the little cards on the ’Giving Trees’. One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she (18) for Christmas was a doll. So I took the card off the tree and (19) the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything. "
I never felt so (20) as I did that day.

二、完形填空

A.since

B.after

C.while

D.until

多项选择题