问题 问答题 简答题

以田汉剧作来论述他戏剧创作的转向。

答案

参考答案:

田汉戏剧的浪漫主义的创作风格主调的形成,经历了从浪漫主义的感伤起步,经过现实主义创作的实践,再回到浪漫主义的感伤的发展轨迹。逐步走向成熟,逐渐褪去消极的成分,形成立足现实、悲喜一体、抒情写意、气韵生动的风格特征。这我们从他五四时期的代表作《获虎之夜》和这一时期现实主义的杰作《名优之死》、浪漫主义的戏剧《湖上的悲剧》、《苏州夜话》以及现实主义与浪漫主义情调统一的《回春之曲》中可以看得十分清楚。

田汉的早期戏剧创作呈现出后期浪漫主义的某些特点。《咖啡店之一夜》、《获虎之夜》等田汉的早期剧作以浪漫主义为主调,表现白秋英、黄大傻、莲姑们不满封建压迫的反抗性,歌颂了纯真的爱情,也反映了他们未找到正确出路时的感伤情绪,描写了现实与理想冲突下的悲剧。悲剧抒情,透露出浪漫感伤气氛,而有。其中《获虎之夜》黄大傻、莲姑的爱情悲剧与命运的驱使和捉弄似乎有着很大关联。这使得这部剧的唯美特色十分鲜明却又带有消极的特质。让乡野中的人物统统说着充满诗情画意的语言也是一种唯美的表现。

而接下来的创作阶段则是现实主义特征开始出现。这一时期的《湖上的悲剧》还带有早期创作的特点,不过正如人的成长一样,比早期的作品表现的手法更为纯熟。这部剧是较倾向唯美的一部,从现实对人的摧残到最后为艺术义无反顾献身的艺术至上的述说,《湖上的悲剧》开始带有一定的现实主义特点,然而浪漫与现实的结合还未达到成熟的阶段。抨击黑暗现实、揭露军阀罪恶的《苏州夜话》,标志着田汉剧作逐渐向现实主义道路的转变。刘叔康这样的艺术家由于受到了黑暗邪恶势力(本剧中是军阀混战)的摧残,妻离子散,无力追求艺术的遭遇,正是黑暗的社会现实对艺术的摧残的一个体现。以浪漫主义手法从现实的悲剧中表达对封建主义的抨击。

而到《名优之死》则真正的达到现实主义的创作的水平。有着集中紧凑的戏剧冲突,简练传神的性格对话,朴实逼真的生活气氛,生动的人物形象。技巧圆熟,手法洗练,笔调沉郁是中国现代戏剧的现实主义优秀之作。现实主义创作却还不是田汉创作的最终目标和归宿。田汉的追求还是浪漫主义的诗意创作。在有了浪漫与现实主义的两种创作经验之后,他的创作就达到了崭新的阶段,即浪漫与现实的较为完美的融合的阶段。诗意抒情还是他钟爱的表达方式。《回春之曲》就是在经过一番历练之后早造就出的杰作。《回春之曲》从知识青年恋爱生活的角度,反映抗日救亡的主题。爱国与爱情两条线索有机结合。高维汉、梅娘等人物性格鲜明,而且人物行动和语言比早期成熟,更符合时代和人物身份。剧情构思带传奇性,抒情气氛浓郁。同时增添了乐观向上的情调,是时代需要的气质。田汉这一阶段的作品都有着写实与抒情的融合。只是偏重的不同。田汉在创作中逐渐发展了自己的剧作创作手法和理念,形成了自己的戏剧特色。

完形填空
Diana Velex does everything with maximum effort — and at maximum speed. That  41 learning a new language, completing two certificates and opening a store.
When arriving in Canada in 2008, she had one  42 : to have what she had back home in Colombia. “I didn’t want to  43 what I do, like so many who come to a new country.” she said. “I  44  to open a store here in Canada but knew I had to 45  myself properly.”
Diana quickly realize that making her dream of shop ownership in Canada a  46    meant going to school to get the  47  education and certification. “My experience of owning a shop and working as a designer in Colombia gave me  48  in my abilities. But I couldn’t speak the language and I had to  49  how to do things in Canada. It was like having to   50  all over again,” said Diana.
51 , she found just the help she needed for relaunch(重新开张) 52  continuing education at George Brown College. She began taking  53  for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the image Consulting Certificate in May 2009.   54  Diana met with the language barrier, she was always going  55  while at college.
By the end of October 2009, she had completed all certificate requirements. Within two years after her  56  in Canada, Diana at last achieved her  57  goal when her new store opened its doors in Toronto’s Sheppard Center.She was on the fast-track to  58 .
Looking back, Diana, a fashion designer,  59  her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and   60  the efforts she made. Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing.
小题1:
A.requiresB.encouragesC.includesD.advises
小题2:
A.goalB.memoryC.choiceD.problem
小题3:
A.continueB.chooseC.changeD.lose
小题4:
A.demandedB.decidedC.agreedD.hesitated
小题5:
A.teachB.prepareC.enjoyD.persuade
小题6:
A.realityB.factC.challengeD.wonder
小题7:
A.physicalB.privateC.primaryD.necessary
小题8:
A.pressureB.judgementC.influenceD.confidence
小题9:
A.put awayB.depend onC.learn aboutD.look into
小题10:
A.advanceB.startC.sufferD.work
小题11:
A.NaturallyB.GraduallyC.LuckilyD.Clearly
小题12:
A.throughB.forC.beforeD.with
小题13:
A.notesB.responsibilitiesC.chancesD.courses
小题14:
A.ThoughB.AsC.SinceD.Once
小题15:
A.aroundB.backC.aheadD.out
小题16:
A.adventureB.arrivalC.performanceD.journey
小题17:
A.originalB.commonC.anotherD.distant
小题18:
A.successB.wealthC.gloryD.happiness
小题19:
A.addsB.connectsC.devotesD.owes
小题20:
A.after allB.above allC.at leastD.at first
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