问题 问答题

交换机是一种具有简化、低价、高性能和高端口密集特点的交换产品。根据其工作的OSI层次可以分为第2层交换机和多层交换机。通常所说的交换机是指第2层交换机,它其实可以看作是多端口网桥,根据MAC地址相对简单地决策信息转发。
交换技术的出现有效地减轻了局域网之间信息流通出现的瓶颈问题,它通过经济地将网络分成小的冲突网域,为每个工作站提供了更高的带宽,其协议的透明性使得交换机在软件配置简单的情况下可以直接安装在多协议的网络中。
(1) 当第一次访问交换机时,应该采取什么方式连接交换机如果希望通过远程拨号连接到路由器进行配置,那么如何做
(2) 交换机通常有多种内存,其中用来保存IOS的是什么
(3) 在登录交换机之后,默认进行的是什么模式要进入特权模式要使用什么命令
(4) 阅读以下的配置命令,解释①~③处的命令。
Switch # (特权模式提示符)
Switch # config terminal
Switch(config) #enab.e password test
Switch(config) # enable secret test2
Switch(config) # hostname CTtest: (设置主机名为CTtest)
Switch(config) #end (退出特权模式)
经过这一配置之后,再进入特权模式是否要输入口令如果是,口令是什么

答案

参考答案:[答案]
(1) 使用每台交换机提供的控制(Console) 端口,直接对交换机进行配置,对于一台新的交换机,并没有配置如IP地址、默认网关等信息,只能通过计算机的串口连接交换机的控制台端口进行访问,这是在交换机刚刚出厂,第一次对它进行配置时常用的一种方式。如果希望通过远程拨号连接到路由器进行配置,那么应该在AUX端口上连接Modem。
(2) 交换机通常有多种内存,其中用来保存IOS的是Flash。
(3) 在登录交换机之后,默认进行的是用户模式。进入特权模式要使用的命令是enable。
(4) ①进入全局配置模式;②设置enable口令为test;③设置enable加密口令为test2。配置完成后进入特权模式时需要输入密码,密码是test2。

解析: 这道综合题考查读者对交换机基本配置的掌握。
(1) 交换机有多种配置方式,可以使用每台交换机提供的控制(Console) 端口,直接对交换机进行配置,也可以使用telnet命令,远程登录到交换机上,作为交换机的一个远程终端,对交换机进行配置,还可以将交换机设置为Web服务器,然后在网络上的一个终端站点使用浏览器对交换机进行配置。使用每台交换机提供的控制(Console) 端口,直接对交换机进行配置,对于一台新的交换机,并没有配置如IP地址、默认网关等信息,只能通过计算机的串口连接交换机的控制台端口进行访问,这是在交换机刚刚出厂,第一次对它进行配置时常用的一种方式。
如果希望通过远程拨号连接到路由器进行配置,那么应该在AUX端口上连接MODEM。
(2) Cisco的交换机中,通常有四种功能不同、材质不同的内存。①ROM:只读,用来存储引导(启动) 软件。②Flash:闪存,用来保护10s系统软件。③RAM:可读写,作用很广,与计算机的内存类似。④NVRAM:非易失性可读写存储器,掉电后仍然可以保存信息,用于保存10s启动时读入的配置数据。
(3) 在Cisco交换机中,其工作模式有以下四种。①用户模式:登录到交换机时就会自动进入该模式,这时通常只能够查看,对IOS的运作不会产生任何影响,可直接通过命令进入特权模式。②特权模式:它可以完成任何事情,包括检查配置文件、重新启动交换机等,它的命令集是用户模式下的超集。③全局配置模式:在该模式下,做出的改动会影响IOS的全局运作。要在特权模式下输入config termlnal命令才能进入该模式。④在配置模式:用于对单独的组件进行配置,例如接口、进程等。要在全局配置模式下输入“特定配置命令”(例如,interface) 时将进入该模式。在登录交换机之后,默认进入的是用户模式。进入特权模式要使用的命令是enable。
(4) config terminal命令的功能是进入全局配置模式,②③两个配置项都是用来对“进入特权模式”设置密码。它们的区别在于,如果使用前者,则在配置文件中密码是明文显示的;如果使用后者,则在配置文件中,密码是密文显示的。而如果同时使用,则是后者(enable sectlet) 设置的密码生效。因此再次进入enable模式就需要输入密码了,密码是test2。

单项选择题
阅读理解

For years I fought with the bird's nest that sat on top of my head-my Medusa(神话中的蛇发女妖) hair.No matter what I did and how hard I tried, in no way could I make my unruly (乱蓬蓬)hair to my satisfaction.

Growing up in a Russian-Jewish home with parents who thought North American styling products  were something illegal such as drugs, I was never allowed to put them in :my hair.¨ Why buy hair gel? Your hair is so beautiful naturally," my mother would say.The teens at school did not agree.From boys 'not wanting to kiss me when we played spin the bottle in Grade 7 to being called the mop, I suffered from my hair.

When I got to university, I believed my hair was a wall that stood between me and everything-finding a part-time job, getting a boyfriend, etc.

If only I could find a way to manage the curls and put it behind bars, I told myself, I would feel secure and sexy.I tried everything: rollers, hairspray, gels and, at one point, an iron.Then, in my second year, a miracle happened.I was asked to be a hair model for Japanese hair straightening, a process by which the molecules(分子)of my curls would be broken and reset in a bone-straight position.I was the perfect candidate, the hairdresser told me. Although they said how hair relaxing could damage the :scalp (头皮),for the next five years I didn't find them to be true. All of the hairdresser's promises were fulfilled:  With my hair straight and smooth, I was no longer the¨ mop".

However, there was extreme damage done to my wallet. To keep up the straightening cost  $ 700 every six months, and that was considered cheap.While some people thought I was crazy, I was willing to do anything to never again feel like that anxious, curly-headed girl in Grade 7.But when I moved out. of my parents" house 'at age 26 and rented an apartment, the upkeep of my new image became too costly.

I couldn't hide from my inner Medusa any longer.It was time to hug her and let her fly.Seeking a choice, I turned to the Internet, Google.After hours of searching, I hit upon a“ curly haired"  salon, a place designed for girls like me.I doubted these so-called “Curl Ambassadors" could do anything

without using machine of some sort, and though I bought the service called the “Curly-Doo,"  I suspected I'd have the same unruly mop at the end of the appointment.

I dragged my feet so hard getting there that I arrived 45 minutes late. I secretly hoped they would turn me away.Instead, my stylist simply said :‘‘You are very late. Let me see your hair" At. that moment, my world and beliefs about myself were turned upside down along with my hair. As my head was in a basin full of freezing-cold water, then covered with a jelly-like jam, I wondered what I had got myself into.

¨ Do you really think this will work?"  I asked the stylist, Jones.“ My curls are a disaster."“No curly hair is hopeless," she replied.“They just haven't found a way to work with it, that's all. "

After the hour was over, Jones had completed her work. She had styled my hair using only her hands, water and a mixture of organic jam. I couldn't believe what I was seeing in the mirror: a naturally curly, Medusa-free me.You could argue that hair is just hair. Yet, it is just such physical features that have such a large influence on how we view ourselves.

According to Jones,75 percent of the population have a wave or curl in their hair and don't know what to do with it. Men cut theirs short. Women flat-iron theirs to death. When I read through a beauty magazine or take the subway to work, it makes me sad to see so many people repressing their natural beauty.

Since then, my world has changed. I have always been outgoing, but these days I seem to be more outspoken and confident than ever. On top of that, friends and co-workers tell me I am looking better than ever, but they don't know the source of the change.

I don't need to tell them* My Medusa hair speaks for herself.

小题1:What can we learn about the writer's hair in the first place?

A.Her parents considered it was bird's nest.

B.Teens at school laughed at it as Medusa hair.

C.She hated it because it couldn't be straightened.

D.North American styling products harmed her hair.小题2:Japanese hair straightening caused a problem for the writer that        

A.her wish to feel secure and sexy didn't come true

B.her hair was seriously damaged after the straightening

C.the cost to keep her hair straight was too high for her

D.she was called ¨the mop" with her hair straight and smooth小题3:The writer was        when she went to the “curly haired" salon.

A.hesitated

B.excited

C.disappointed

D.determined小题4:What was the reaction of the stylist in the salon when she saw the writer?

A.She was very angry because the writer was late.

B.She thought totally the writer's hair was a disaster.

C.She was calm and sure of her work.

D.She thought there was no way to fix the writer's hair.小题5:The writer's world has changed because she      

A.has removed her inner Medusa

B.has removed her curls on her head

C.has found a way to straighten her hair in the stylish salon

D.has found the admiration for her from her friends and co-workers小题6:The best title of the passage can be     

A.A Successful Stylist

B.My Medusa Hair

C.Road to Beauty

D.Accept the Way We Are