问题 单项选择题

When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any part of it, they may cheer themselves by remembering that life need not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist, and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present that they do not.

Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a p sense of personality. They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual lives. But man s societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness than the individuals have.

It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionary time scale. Fifty thousand years from now man s societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed by it. A million years further on man and his machines may have merged as closely as the muscles of the human body and the nerve cells that set them in motion.

The explorers of space should be prepared for some such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and this is by no means impossible), they may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units.

The units may be "secondary"—machines created millions of years ago by a previous form of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be built entirely of metals and other durable (耐用的) materials. If this is the case, they may be much more tolerant of their environment, multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar carbon cycle.

Such creatures might be relics of a past age, many millions of years ago, when their planet was favorable to the origin of life, or they might be immigrants from a favored planet.

It seems that the writer ()。

A. is interested in the imaginary life forms

B. is eager to find a different form of life

C. is certain of the existence of a new life form

D. is critical of the imaginative people

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

综合理解题。此题需要在理解全文的基础上来得出答案。从整篇文章看,作者在讨论想象甲的外星生命。A意为:“对想象的生命形式感兴趣”,所以A是正确答案。B意为:“热衷于发现不同的生命形式”;C意为:“确信现在存在一种新的生命形式”;D意为:“对那些异想天开的人持批评态度。”B、C和D均不符合文章的意思。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成问题。

庄子的翅膀

叶春雷

  人到中年,活着感觉越来越沉重。这种沉重就像一个人陷入沼泽,你拼命想挣脱泥水的围困,想让自己的身体变得轻盈,从而从泥沼的吸引中脱颖而出,但是你似乎越挣扎,陷得越深。

  我感觉自己正陷入这种恐惧。我周围的生活就像一个巨大的泥沼,我深陷其中,不能自拔。这时候我想到了庄子,想到了那个贫穷而中年丧妻的庄子。这只蝴蝶,或者大鹏。这是长翅膀的庄子,从人世的巨大泥沼中超脱出来从而变得轻盈无比的庄子。比起我生活的时代,庄子的周围才真正称得上是一个巨大的泥沼,一个恐怖的陷阱。庄子,包括和庄子一样地位卑微的“士”以及比庄子地位更加卑微也更多数的“庶”,他们只是君主的猎物,被围困在君主的苑囿里,君主什么时候高兴了或者不高兴了,就宰杀一只,纯粹为了娱乐。那是一个毫无生命尊严的时代,那是一个人命低于草菅的时代

  庄子也是一只猎物呀,被君主围捕,但却冲破君主的包围圈,胜利大逃亡了。对于“士”,君主不是纯粹用刀剑来对付,他们还用蜂蜜和甜酒,用玉帛和铜币。他们要让一部分猎物成为自己的宠物,供自己取乐,同时也会为自己充当爪牙,去猎杀更加低级的“庶”。庄子被诱惑。楚王派使者持千金来了。楚王要降服这一只桀骜不驯的猎物。温柔的大网张开了,暗藏杀机。但庄子就是不入其彀中。庄子选择了突围,庄子冲天而起,庄子就是这样被逼出了一双翅膀。

  庄子从此不再是一只猎物,庄子完成了自己。因为有了翅膀,因为舍弃,庄子获得了前所未有的自由。自由是什么?自由是你一无所有之后,还能自信地对所有的人说:“我富甲天下。”我们有这种气魄吗?没有。所以我们成不了庄子。

  庄子曾经向监河侯贷粟。因为庄子家贫。庄子从来不是迂腐的伯夷叔齐,庄子知道生命的可贵。但庄子从来不向君主摇尾乞怜,像那些君主豢养的哈巴狗。庄子是有翅膀的人。庄子的灵魂在天上,在与天地精神相往还的浩渺宇宙间。庄子是能够吞吐宇宙的人,“抟扶摇直上者九万里”,庄子宁愿在污泥中曳尾,因为曳尾污泥,那是在与大自然肌肤相亲。

  庄子就这样拔地而起。庄子在我们灵魂的仰望中翩翩起舞。庄子是雄浑的,庄子也是妩媚的。庄子一会儿是大鹏,力拔山兮气盖世;一会儿是蝴蝶,流连戏蝶时时舞。庄子让当时的社会吃惊,更让后人吃惊。这个长着翅膀的怪物,滑过阴暗的宫廷,滑过君主的刀丛,竟然毫发无损。凭什么?凭他的一对翅膀。

  人到中年,我感到生命的沉重。因为我没有庄子的翅膀。说到底我没有庄子那样彻底的思想。思想使人轻盈,金钱使人沉重。在我们生活的这个时代,每个人都被捆缚在欲望的战车上,每个人都在冲锋陷阵,都在拼命拼杀。这是另一个尸横遍野的战场,没有硝烟,但比起战国的刀光剑影、血肉横飞,丝毫也不逊色。我们没有翅膀,我们只有欲望。

沉重是自找的。

  我飞不起来,因为我的沉重。这种沉重是污浊的,散发着生活的枯枝败叶的腐朽气息。我的生活中堆积着那么多腐朽的枯枝败叶,但我一点也不舍得丢弃,反而视若珍宝,所以我注定无法轻盈。

  我想飞,却怎么也飞不高。那是许多年前的一首老歌,一首老歌诉说着我们对飞翔的梦想,而一双绑缚着沉重黄金的翅膀,是怎么也飞不起来的呀!

  还是不要胡言乱语了。让我们的心,老老实实地在股票与基金的浮沉中,飞翔一生吧。

1.作者在开头详细描写了自己的“沉重”感受,这样写有什么好处?

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2.请根据文意,分析“庄子是雄浑的,庄子也是妩媚的”两句话的含意。

(1)庄子是雄浑的_______________________________________________

(2)庄子是妩媚的_______________________________________________

3.结合全文,说说“庄子的翅膀”有什么含义,作者以此为题有什么深刻用意。

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