问题 问答题 案例分析题

近几年,一些地区纪检部门查处的违法乱纪案件中,有一个现象格外引人注意。受查处的县、乡两级领导干部中30岁~40岁之间的成了“主力军”,越接近40岁,“买官卖官”等违法违纪现象越相对集中。一些群众把这跟人们常说的“59岁现象”对应,称为“39岁现象”。1081999年,福建省查处了政和县原县委书记丁仰宁卖官案。丁仰宁在这个福建全省有名的特困县任职3年,卖官受贿及非法所得100多万元,人称“丁百万”。丁案涉及该县大小官员246人,大多数都不到40岁。其中丁仰宁1996年到任时38岁,已经处理的14个副处级以上干部中,35~40岁间的9人;9个乡镇党委书记、乡镇长中,8人年龄在35岁~40岁之间。其中,钟昌瑞在1996年37岁时刚当上县教育局局长,就开始向丁仰宁等人送钱,在1998年底,终于如愿以偿当上了副县长。钟昌瑞等人为何如此急不可耐,不断铤而走险向“上”送钱?一位知情的干部道出了其中一个重要原因,钟就是想赶在40岁前当上副县级干部,否则,“过了这个村就没这个店了”。30多岁正是干事业的黄金时期,为何一些干部在这一年龄段栽跟头,走上了违法违纪的道路呢?这和一些年轻干部忽视党性修养有很大的关系。但是,一些地方在基层干部选拔任用方面,片面理解年轻化,甚至搞一刀切,这是造成“39岁现象”的一个不容忽视的原因。一些地方在选拔配备县、乡两级党政班子时有这样一个“原则”:35岁以上的不再提拔进人乡镇党政班子;40岁以上的基本不再提拔进人县级党政班子。一些基层干部抱怨:35岁到不了科级,40岁到不了县处级,就没有什么“奔头”了。一些年轻的乡镇干部发牢骚:“这辈子算完了。”问为什么,回答是“都30岁了,连个股级干部都不是”。透视“39岁现象”,基层组织部门的同志算了这样一笔账:一个大学毕业生到乡镇,至少需要4年~5年转为“股级”,再2年转副科,再3年转正科,再3年转副县级,这一个流程下来,最顺的干部也要12年时间。一个环节跟不上就面临被淘汰的危险。一些干部采取“倒推法”,就可以推算出自己是否“还有戏”。一些基层干部感到“政治生命”已经结束,就开始混日子,“自己本身有思想包袱,哪还有心思做群众的思想政治工作”,这也恶化了干群关系。“39岁现象”的另一个危害,是诱使一些基层干部大搞所谓的“政绩工程”,虚报浮夸。真正把一个地方的经济搞上去,没有几年时间是很难完成的。而将干部提拔的年龄压缩在特定的几年之内,在某种程度上阻断了一些干部从容干实事的机会。逼着他们在尽可能短的时间内出“成绩”。一些基层领导干部不顾客观实际大搞“政绩工程”、“面子工程”,出现了很多“空壳乡”、“空壳县”,一些乡镇负债在数百万元以上。一些领导干部不把主要精力放在群众工作和经济工作上,“平时不下去,下去就罚钱”,被老百姓称为要钱、要粮、要命的“三要”干部,致使干群关系十分紧张。政和县澄源乡原党委书记张余帅,是该县买官者中最“下力”的人物之一。张余师年仅35岁,而之所以“少年得志”,拿群众的话说就是“此人最敢吹牛,也敢送”。如何避免“39岁现象”,有关人士开出了三个药方:一是按照“三个代表”的要求,加强干部的人生观、价值观教育,加强党员干部的党性修养。政和县之所以出了涉及200多名干部的买官卖官大案,原因之一就是这些人扭曲了人生观、价值观。丁仰宁有一句“名言”:“当官不发财,请我都不来;当官不收钱,退休没本钱。”这种赤裸裸的“当官发财”思想侵蚀了一些干部的灵魂,而当他们把当官和发财联系在一起时,就会走上违法犯罪的道路。最近,江 * * 同志再次强调要大力加强中青年领导干部的党性修养,使他们始终坚持全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨,这是有着很强的现实针对性的。二是要纠正基层干部选拔中的偏差。我们党确实需要一大批年富力强的中青年干部,但是选拔干部要“惟才是举”,“年轻化”的关键是将德才兼备的年轻干部选拔到领导岗位上来,而不是简单化地“一刀切”搞年龄划线。基层确实需要一大批年轻的同志,但农村工作尤其是思想政治工作有其特点。一些四十多岁的干部,有着丰富的基层经验和广泛的阅历,如果将他们一概排除在干部提拔的人选之外,同样是一种人才的浪费。三是要推进和完善干部制度改革。有专家认为,一方面,有关部门在干部考核选拔中应广泛听取群众的意见,如福建一些地方就进行了大量可贵的探索,实行干部任前公示制度、干部公开选拔制度等,使买官者无“路”可走。另一方面,破解“39岁现象”,还要切实建立起“干部能上能下”的用人机制,将一些工作干不好、群众不满意的干部拉下马来。结合上述材料,回答以下问题:

请透过“39岁现象”剖析我国干部管理和干部素质存在的问题,并提出解决的对策。

答案

参考答案:

39岁现象反映的是一些人行政职业道德的低下,只顾自己升官发财,不顾百姓水深火热,为了达到自己的目的不择手段。为了杜绝此类现象,我们必须切实执行有关公务员的一系列管理法规,对公务员的考核,尤其是晋升、提拔要从‚德、能、勤、绩‛四个方面考核。另外,对那些大搞‚形式主义‛、‚形象工程‛、‚政绩工程‛的主要负责人要严肃惩处。

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing?

Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk

about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents

when he was a teenager.

     "I would never have said to my mom, 'Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?'"

says Ballmer." There was just a complete gap in taste."

     Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations

of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.

     Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on

subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and

common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can

continue into adulthood.

     No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, "To my mother, my best friend."

     But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.

     "There's still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change

happening," says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. "In the middle of that change, there

is a lot of confusion among parents."

     Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as

a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that

encourages everyone to have a say.

     "My parents were on the 'before' side of that change, but today's parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the

'after' side," explains Mr. Ballmer. "It's not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life

is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now."

1. The underlined word "gulf" in Para.3 most probably means _____. [ ]

A. interest

B. distance

C. difference

D. separation

2. Which of the following shows that the generation gap is disappearing? [ ]

A. Parents help their children develop interests in more activities.

B. Parents put more trust in their children's abilities.

C. Parents and children talk more about sex and drugs.

D. Parents share more interests with their children.

3. The change in today's parent-child relationship is _____. [ ]

A. more confusion among parents

B. new equality between parents and children

C. less respect for parents from children

D. more strictness and authority on the part of parents

4. By saying "today's parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the 'after' side", the author means that today's

    parents _____. [ ]

A. follow the trend of the change

B. can set a limit to the change

C. fail to take the change seriously

D. have little difficulty adjusting to change

5. The purpose of the passage is to _____. [ ]

A. describe the difficulties today's parents have met with

B. discuss the development of the parent-child relationship

C. suggested the ways to handle the parent-child relationship

D. compare today's parent-child relationship with that in the past