问题 问答题 简答题

简述国家豁免原则与国家行为原则的区别。

答案

参考答案:

(1)国家行为原则涉及一国法院是否有权对另一国在其境内所为行为加以裁决的问题;国家豁免原则是本国法院对外国国家是否行使管辖权的问题。

(2)国家行为原则适用于任何诉讼主体,国家豁免原则只可由外国政府首脑、政府机构及其代理等特殊主体所援用。

完形填空

An evergreen tree is a Christmas tradition in many American homes. The tree is usually a pine or fir(冷杉) dressed with lights and other colorful decorations.

Families might buy a cut tree or go to a tree farm and cut one down themselves. Some people bring a live tree in a pot into their home for the holidays and then put it back outdoors. Some people rent a Christmas tree. Companies might bring the same live tree to the same family year after year. Or the tree might get planted in a park or someplace else where it could help the environment.

There are some trees that can be reused year after year because they are made of plastic or metal. Or, instead of a tree, some people have a small, sweet-smelling rosemary(迷迭香) plant, cut to look like a little Christmas tree.

Another popular evergreen this time of year is the mistletoe(槲寄生) plant. It has small white berries and leaves that feel like leather. The traditional Christmas mistletoe is native to Europe. Ancient Druids believed mistletoe had magical powers. Mistletoe is a parasitic(寄生的) plant. It connects itself to a tree and steals nutrients and water.

And the poinsettia(一品红)is also one of the plants that many people connect with Christmas. Poinsettias __________   Mexico. They can be white or pink, but most are bright red. They are named after the first American ambassador to Mexico. Joel Poinsett liked them enough to send some back to the United States. Babies or pets that chew on poinsettias might get sick. But experts say the plant is not as poisonous as some people think.

小题1:What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)

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小题2:Please list at least three kinds of color that Christmas trees may have? (no more than 4 words)

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小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (no more than 4 words)

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小题4:What can be used as Christmas trees according to the passage?(no more than 10 words)

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小题5:What does the word “it” (Line 2, Paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)

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问答题

2002年11月,A市甲公司与B市乙公司在C市签订合同,约定由甲公司收集曲目、进行艺术处理并解决有关版权问题,由乙公司制作发行名为"北方之夜"的90分钟歌曲录音磁带一盒。后甲公司收集歌曲24首在本单位进行艺术处理并制成母带。乙公司因设备发生故障,由该公司工作人员李四等人去D市丁公司请其协助制作磁带,丁公司派职工张三等人参与制作,事后,乙公司付给D市丁公司4万元设备磨损和劳务费。该磁带后在E市、 F市发行。此后,丙公司认为"北方之夜"中的第1、 2两首歌曲版权应归其所有,戊公司认为第3、4、5三首歌曲版权应归其所有,二单位发现"北方之夜"署名单位为甲公司和乙公司,便向法院提起诉讼。一审法院将丙公司和戊公司列为原告,将甲公司和乙公司列为被告,经审理判决确认被告行为构成侵权。法院于2004年4月16日将判决书送达双方当事人。此后连降暴雨,造成交通不便,直到5月13日两被告才以"事先曾与丙公司和戊公司打过招呼"为由对判决表示不服,并到邮电局向法院寄发了上诉状。经二审法院调解,双方达成协议,被告当即按协议对原告进行了赔偿,并口头表示道歉。法院送达调解书时,原告对调解书中的措辞提出异议并拒绝在送达回证上签字。法院采取留置送达方式,就此结案。

如果一审判决作出后,乙公司提出上诉,理由是事先合同有约定,由甲公司解决版权问题,故构成侵权应由甲公司负责赔偿和道歉,这时二审当事人应如何列明