问题 问答题 简答题

何谓血浆晶体渗透压和血浆胶体渗透压,各有何作用?

答案

参考答案:

渗透压指溶质分子具有的吸引和保留水分子的能力。由血浆中的晶体化合物(主要是NaCl)产生的渗透压称晶体渗透压,它主要影响细胞内外水的平衡,维持细胞的正常形态和功能。由血浆中的胶体化合物(主要是白蛋白)产生的渗透压称胶体渗透压,它主要影响毛细血管内外水的平衡,维持正常的血浆容量。

解答题
单项选择题

When a disease of epidemic proportions threatens the public, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of affliction and find ways to combat. Vaccination is one of the effective ways to protect the (1) population of a region or country which may be (2) grave risk. The process of vaccination allows the patient’s body to (3) immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can fight it (4) naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead (5) of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, (6) his body’s immune system can learn to fight the invader (7) . Information (8) how to penetrate the disease’s defenses is (9) to all elements of the patient’s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that (10) the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to (11) with it, having already done so before.

There are, however, dangers (12) in the process. (13) , even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves (14) much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system (15) , and, therefore, the patient’s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, (16) to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly (17) the whole Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. (18) 1 in 10,000 people who receive the vaccine (19) the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Consequently, the process, which is truly a (20) , may indeed hide some hidden curses.

12()

A.available

B.plausible

C.accessible

D.inherent