某市中级人民法院对该市某水泥有限公司破产清算一案作出终结裁定。至此，该市首起民营企业破产清算案顺利审结。企业破产[ ]

①是按法定程序实施破产结算的经济现象 ②能及时淘汰落后的企业，有利于产业结构的合理调整 ③能促使企业改善经营管理，提高企业竞争力 ④有利于社会资源的合理配置，但不利于劳动者就业

A．①②

B．③④

C．①③

D．②④

Passage 1 The US dollar value of Chinese exports increased at an average rate of almost 18 per cent per annum between 1978 and 1983, while imports increased by approximately 11 per cent per annum. As a result, the visible trade surplus rose sharply from US $1.4 billion in 1981 to US $4.4 billion in 1982 and US$3.7 billion in 1983. Exports grew much faster than imports during this period not only because of the p emphasis placed on exporting by China’s economic planners, but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in 1979. Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernising the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978 placing undue strain on the national economy. Grain imports have fallen sharply over the past few years—China became a net grain exporter in 1984—and in 1983 the country started to export soyabeans and cotton.

What do “per annum” and “approximately” mean