阅读。

【甲】

　　水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来，世人盛爱牡丹。予独爱莲之______________,______________一中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。     

　　予谓菊，花之隐逸者也；牡丹，花之富贵者也；莲，花之君子者也。噫！菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱，同予者何人？牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣。  

【乙】

　　自荷钱^①出水之日，便为点缀绿波；及其劲叶^②既生，则又日高日上，日上日妍，有风既作飘摇之态，无风亦呈袅娜之姿。迨至苗萏^③成花，娇姿欲滴，后先相继。乃花之既谢，乃复蒂下生蓬，蓬中结实，亭亭独立，犹似未开之花，与翠叶并擎，不至白露为霜，而能事不已。此皆言其可目者也。可鼻则有荷叶之清香，荷花之异馥^④，避暑而暑为之退，纳凉而凉逐之生。至其可人之口者，则莲实与藕，皆并列盘餐，而互芬齿颊者也。只有霜中败叶，零落难堪，似成废物矣，及摘而藏之，又备经年裹物之用。是芙蕖也者，无一时一刻，不适耳目之观，无一物一丝，不备家常之用者也。（选自李渔《闲情偶寄。芙蕖》，有删改）

【注】①荷钱：指初生的小荷叶。②劲叶：指长大了的荷叶。③菡萏（ hàn dàn）：未开的荷花。④异馥（fù）：异香。

1、将甲文中横线处空缺的内容补充完整。

_______________________________________________

2、下列句子中加粗的“而”与“摘而藏之”中的“而”用法相同的一项是（    ）   

A、面山而居    

B、后狼止而前狼又至    

C、乃记之而去    

D、溪深而鱼肥

3、解释下列句子中加粗的字。   

（1）牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣：________________ 

（2）不至白露为霜，而能事不已：________________

4、用现代汉语翻译下列句子。   

（1）可远观而不可亵玩焉。

___________________________________________________   

（2）无一时一刻，不适耳目之观。

___________________________________________________

5、甲乙两个文段，都是写荷花，都表达了作者对荷花的赞美与喜爱之情，但赞美与喜爱的原因有所不同，请用简洁的语言分析。

___________________________________________________ 

阅读理解.

     The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually

reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to

happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more

often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

     As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness.

They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional

achievement, religious commitment, self-improvement.

     Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less

satisfying. lf he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For

commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement.

Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.

     Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's s1eep or three-day vacation.

I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.But

couples who decide not to have children ever know the joys of watching a child grow up

or of playing with a grandchild.

     Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the

most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that

can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy

 clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems point1ess. And it liberates

us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually

may not be happy at all.

1. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because.

A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single

C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement

2. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is.

A. a moral duty

B. a thankless job

C. a rewarding task

D. a source of inevitable pain

3. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems form -.

A. hatred

B. misunderstanding

C. prejudice

D. ignorance

4. To understand what true happiness in, one must______.

A. have as much fun as possible during one's 1ifetime.

B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain

C. put up with pain under all circumstances

D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun

5. What is the author trying to tell us?

A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.

B. One must know how to attain happiness.

C. It is important to make commitments.

D. It is pain that leads to happiness.