问题 问答题 论述题

试述积极生活与体育生活方式的辩证关系。

答案

参考答案:

(1)WHO于1997年在日内瓦召开以“积极生活:体育为健康”为主题的会议,并启动了“全球积极生活运动”。

(2)WHO认为,“体育活动对于提高个人的健康和技能以及促进社区的安定具有重要的潜在价值”,并认为“懒惰的生活方式是一个日益扩大的、全球性的对健康的威胁”。

(3)积极生活是指每个人在日常生活中都可以从事的身体运动的所有领域,是一种体育活动受到尊重并融入日常生活的一种生活方式,通过人们寻找愉快的机会和创造社会的物质和文化环境,以改善身体健康,追求个人幸福、群体幸福以及生活质量。

(4)体育生活化是与积极生活相对应的概念,即是指体育行为形成并融入个体或家庭生活过程,使之成为生活中不可缺少的日常日常行为。两者都集中表现在,只有体育成为现代人生活重要的组成部分的时候,现代生活的方式才是高水平的、积极的、健康的。

阅读理解

Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diets, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slowmoving. There are some aspects(方面) of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid. I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.

  For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports — and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at them — there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.

  Even after you have found a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics, you are still only half way to good health, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation(放松). It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all thoughts, meditation, and so on. Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. It seems ironical (讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activityphysical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other — which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.

12. Pollution, noise and stress are examples of _____.

A. causes of unfitness

B. bad features of living in towns

C. the things we can completely do away with

D. unavoidable things in town

13. We don’t get much out of separate sports because we _____.

A. don’t do them very often 

B. don’t do them actively enough

C. find it hard to get out of our armchairs

D. don’t find them interesting

14. To be healthy we must _____.

A. keep fit and active                                      B. keep fit and learn to relax

C. be active and practise Yoga                               D. have a sound mind

15. Our forefathers were healthy because______.

A. their way of life closely connected with both exercise and relaxation

B. they were careful to get plenty of fresh air

C. they spent most of the time out of doors

D. their environment was not polluted

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