问题 实验题

表l是某校生物课外科技小组人工孵化蛙卵的实验方案记录表(用同样大小的容器,装等量的水,孵化时间相同)。请回答:(6分)

表1人工孵化蛙卵的实验记录

项目   

组别

 水源水量(m1)水温(℃) 蛙卵数孵出蝌蚪数
    A 池塘水    500  22~25    250    245
    B 自来水    500    13    250    165
(1)B组孵化率较低的原因可能是___________________________________

(2)某同学认为该实验应按照表2所示的设计方案去做:

表2人工孵化蛙卵的实验记录

项目

组别

 水源水量(m1)水温(℃) 蛙卵数孵出蝌蚪数
    A 池塘水    500  22~25    250 
    B 池塘水    500    13    250 
    C 自来水    500  22~25    250 
    D 自来水    500    13    250 
结果预测与分析:

①A组与B组相比,C组与D组相比,如果A、C组的孵化率高,说明:

_________________________________________________________________

②A组与C组相比,B组与D组相比,如果A、B组的孵化率高,说明:

_________________________________________________________________________

③在上述实验的基础上就可以得出影响蝌蚪发育因素的结论是:

_________________________________________________________________________

(3)比较表1和表2的实验方案,你认为哪种方案更好些? ________。试简述理由:

答案

(1)水温和水源的问题

(2)①水温对蛙卵的孵化具有重要影响,温度较高,孵化率高②水质对蛙卵的孵化也具有重要影响,池塘水促进孵化③水温和水源是影响蛙卵孵化的重要因素

(3)表2 表2实验方案中有对照实验和单一变量

分析:本题考查科学探究的基本环节的知识.注意对比试验的应用.

解答:解:(1)由表1看出A组与B组实验上存在两点不同①水温②水源,结果B组孵化率较低,原因可能出在水温,也可能出在水源,还可能与水温和水源都有关.

(2)①A组与B组的变量是水温,C组与D组的变量也是水温,如果A、C组的孵化率高,说明水温对蛙卵的孵化具有重要影响,温度较高(22-25℃),孵化率高.

②A组与C组的变量是水源,B组与D组的变量也是水源,如果A、B组的孵化率高,说明水质对蛙卵的孵化也具有重要影响,池塘水有利于孵化.

③如果按①②结果可得水温和水源都是影响蛙卵孵化的重要因素.

(3)对比表1和表2的实验方案,表2的实验方案更好些.因为表2形成对比时可以有单一变量.

故答案为:(1)水温和水源的问题(2)①水温对蛙卵的孵化具有重要影响,温度较高,孵化率高

②水质对蛙卵的孵化也具有重要影响,池塘水有利于孵化③水温和水源是影响蛙卵孵化的重要因素

(3)表2;表2实验方案中有对照实验和单一变量

点评:对照实验的变量具有唯一性.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Mike was starting the fourth grade in the autumn. He felt that he was old enough to ride a bike to school

like other kids. But there were two problems! The first was that he didn't know if his parents would let him

ride a bike to school. The second and the bigger of the two problems was that he didn't have a bike, because

he and his parents had just moved to the town this summer.

     Mike started to get over his problems. First, he asked his parents if they would let him ride a bike to school

in the autumn. To his surprise, they said, "Sure, Mike, you are old enough, but you don't have a bike!" Mike

began to think about how to solve the problem. Finally, he thought of an idea. He asked the neighbors if he

could mow (割) their lawns (草坪) to earn money to buy a bike. For all of them needed to mow their lawns,

they told Mike that would be fine, if his parents agreed. Mike's parents were pleased that he found a way to

buy a bike himself. They agreed and taught Mike how to mow the lawn properly. Finally, he had enough money

to buy his bike. He bought a beautiful black and red mountain bike.

1. Mike wanted to _____.

A. begin to study in autumn

B. ride a bike to school

C. mows the lawn for his family

2. What was the bigger problem for Mike?

A. He didn't have a bike.

B. He was not old enough to ride a bike.

C. His parents didn't want him to ride a bike.

3. What is the right order of the following events according to the article?

    ① Mike had two problems.

    ② Mike bought a bike.

    ③ Mike thought he was never too young to ride a bike.

    ④ Mike mowed the lawns for his neighbors.

A.①②③④  

B.②①④③  

C.③①④②

4. Which one is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Mike's family was new on his block (街区).

B. Mike was a gardening worker.

C. Mike bought a black and red bike.

5. Which is the best title?

A. Mike's kind neighbors.

B. Mike's new bike.

C. How to earn money.

问答题 简答题