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问题 单项选择题

克服自然条件的艰苦，硬是把“种一棵树比养一个孩子都难”的荒漠变成了绿洲，成为“全国园林绿化先进城市”，他们是（）

A.格尔木人

B.西宁人

C.柴达木人

D.李家峡人

答案

参考答案：A

填空题

B The Ancient Olympic Games古代奥林匹克运动会
According to historical records，the first (1) Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC.They (2) dedicated to the Olympian gods and were staged on the (3) plains of Olympia.They continued for nearly 12 centuries， (4) Emperor Theodosius decreed in 393 A.D.that aU such"pagan cults" (5) banned.
The oldest myth which concerns the beginning of the (6) Games is that of Idaios Daktylos Herakles.According to other (7) ，Zeus，the father of humanity，fought and defeated Cronus in a (8) for the throne of the gods.Finally，the well-known (9) Herakles is mentioned who staged games in Olympia in honour (10) Zeus,because the latter had helped him conquer Elis when (11) went to war against Augeas.
Through the 12 centuries of (12) Olympic Games，many wonderful athletes competed in the stadium and (13) hippodrome of ancient Olympia’s sacred area，moving the crowds with (14) great achievements.Although mortal，their Olympic victories immortalised them.Of (15) best athletes who left their mark on the sacred vallev (16) Olympia，some surpassed all limits and became legends by winning (17) successive Olympic Games and remaining at the forefront of their (18) for more than a decade.
The ancient Olympic Games were (19) a one.day event until 684 BC.when they were extended (20) three days.In the 5th century B.C.，the Games were extended again to cover five days.

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综合题

阅读下列材料：

早期的中国文明发祥于黄土地带。黄土之吸水犹如海绵，黄土的高孔隙型的强毛细管吸收力，能使蕴藏在深层土壤中的无机物质上升到顶层，为农作物所摄取。因此，黄土具有“自行肥效”的能力。然而，只有在有充分水分时，才能产生这种作用。

黄土与冲击土的天然肥效的优越性，如果没有水利灌溉系统，就不能发挥出来。但是一个地区一旦不受宠于统治者，就被忽视和放弃，直到遭到土壤肥效衰竭和生产力迅猛下降的命运。中国文化发祥地的西北地区，特别是陕西，在过去10个世纪里，经济上不断出现倒退现象，与当时的统治集团更加重视具有经济重心地位的长江流域的开发，从而忽视了陕西地区的灌溉事业有关。     

——引自《中国历史上的基本经济区与水利事业的发展》

结合以下材料回答下列问题：

（1）自然条件上看，为什么中国古代文明最早起源于我国的中西部地区？ （6分）

（2）为什么汉唐时期关中地区是我国最发达和富饶地区之一？什么原因导致这一地区的经济逐渐衰落下去？（14分）

（3）在今天西部大开发过程中，我们可以从历史上借鉴什么经验和教训？（8分）
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