问题 问答题 论述题

苏联电影经验对30年代电影变革的出现起了什么作用?

答案

参考答案:

中国影人是在自己电影传统和对好莱坞电影经验理解的基础上接受苏联的蒙太奇理论的。爱森斯坦的理论介绍甚少,在中国译介最多、流传最广、影响最大的是普多夫金的叙事蒙太奇理论。在电影创作方面也是如此。大部分创作者都在不同程度上接受了蒙太奇思维方法的影响,但是创作上更多的是把它与好莱坞电影经验结合起来,注重叙事蒙太奇技巧的应用。在探索和借鉴苏联电影蒙太奇经验方面,沈西苓比他的同时代人作出了更多的贡献。在《女性的呐喊》中不少部分的艺术处理巧妙地发挥了电影蒙太奇镜头间的对比和冲突的巨大表现力,不仅突出了工人生活那种紧张压抑的情绪气氛,而且也具有一定隐喻象征的意义。在《上海24小时》中把不同情节线索之间的冲突和对比,以具有强烈视觉冲击力的电影蒙太奇手段表现出来,取得了动人的艺术效果。在《十字街头》中,沈西苓较好地把对苏联蒙太奇经验和好莱坞叙事剪接技巧的借鉴溶合在一起,形成了一种视觉效果流畅而又轻快、明朗的镜头节奏。

在30年代创作人员中,大多数人对叙事技巧都比较重视,对蒙太奇方法的运用也大多集中于与叙事有较紧密联系的方面,而像沈西苓那样在更广泛的意义上把蒙太奇作为电影思维和整体艺术构思的基本原则,特别重视对比、隐喻和象征等运用的现象却并不十分普遍。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in

the United States. Yale, Princeton , Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.

     In the early years , these schools were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the

students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was

known about science then , and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about

the world . when the students graduated ,most of them become ministers or teachers.

     In 1782,Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors.

Later lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and

Greek ,Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German ,Soon it began

teaching American history.

     As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects .

Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interests them.

    Today. There are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made

up of smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one

kind of school can't offer it all.

1. The oldest university in the US is ______.

A. Yale  

B. Harvard  

C. Princeton  

D. Columbia

2. From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years, ______.

A. those colleges and universities were the same

B. people, young or old might study in the colleges

C. students studied only some languages and science

D. when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers

3. Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were _______.

A. Latin and Greek

B. Latin and Greek, French and German

C. American history and German

D. French and German

4. As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.

A. everything that was known

B. law and something about medicine

C. many new subjects

D. the subjects that interested students

5. On the whole, the passage is about _______.

A. how to start a university

B. the world-famous colleges in America

C. how colleges have changed

D. what kind of lessons each college teaches

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