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阅读散文,回答问题。

碧云寺的秋色(钟敬文)

北京西山碧云寺是一个大寺院,又是一个大林子。在那些大小不等的院子里,都有树木或花草。那些树木,种类繁多,其中不少还是活上了几百岁的参

天老干。寺的附近,那些高地和山岭上,树木也相当繁密。

我是中秋节那天搬到寺里来的,在那些繁茂的树丛中,还很少看到黄色的或红色的叶子。

半个月过去了。寺里有些树木渐渐开始在变换着颜色。石塔前的柿子树,院子里那些攀着石桥和假山的爬山虎,好像先得秋意似的,叶子慢慢地黄的黄、赤的赤了。可是,绿色的统治基本上还没有动摇。近日,情景突变。黄的、红的、赤的颜色触目都是。它来得是那么神速,将我那模糊的季节感惊醒了

不论这里那里的爬山虎,都急速地换上新装。它们大都由绿变黄、变红、变丹、变赤………我们要找出整片的绿叶已经不很容易了。罗汉堂前院子里靠北墙有株缠绕着大槐树的爬山虎,平日,我们没有注意到它跟槐树叶子的差别。几天来,可大不同了。槐树有一些叶子渐渐变黄,可全树还是绿沉沉的。而爬山虎的无数叶子,却由绿变黄、变赤,在树干上、树枝上鲜明地显出自己的艳丽。特别是在阳光的照射下,那些深红的、浅红的、金黄的、柑黄的叶子都闪着亮光,把大槐树反衬得美丽可爱了。

释迦牟尼佛殿前的两株梧桐,弥勒佛殿前的那些高耸的白果树,泉水院石桥边的那株黑枣树……它们全都披上黄袍了。中山纪念堂一株娑罗树的大部分叶子镶了黄边,堂阶下那株沿着老柏上升到高处的凌霄花树的叶子也大都变成咖啡色的了。

自然,那些高耸的老柏和松树还是比较保守的,尽管有很少的叶子已经变成了刀锈色,可是,它们身上那件墨绿袍子是不肯轻易褪下的。槐树的叶子,也改变得不踊跃。但是,不管怎样,现在,碧云寺的景色却成为多彩的了。多彩的秋林有它自己特别的情调和风格。夏日花园的美不能代替它,也不能概括它。

古代的诗人,多喜欢把秋天看作悲伤的季节。过去许多“悲秋”的诗篇或诗句,多半是提到“草木黄落”的景象的。其实,引起人们的伤感,并不一定是秋天固有的特性。从许多方面看,它倒是一个叫人感到愉快的时辰。所谓“春秋佳日”,决不是没有根据的一句赞语。

在夏天,草木的叶子绿油油的,这固然象征着生长、繁荣。但是,它到底不免单调些。到了秋天,尤其是到深秋,许多树木的叶子变色了,柿红的、朱红的、金黄的、古铜色的、赭色的,还有那半黄半绿或半黄半赤的……五颜十色,把山野打扮得像个盛装的姑娘。加以这时节天色是澄明的,气候是清爽的。你想想,这丰富的秋色将唤起人们怎样一种欢快的感情啊!

我们晓得古代诗人所以对秋风感喟,见黄叶伤情,是有一定的社会生活的原因的。诗人或因为同情人民的苦难,或因为伤悼个人遭逢的不幸……那种悲哀的心情,往往容易由某些自然现象的感触而发泄出来。即便如此,也并不是所有的诗人面对那些变了色的叶子都唉声叹气。“停车坐爱枫林晚,霜叶红于二月花”,明白地颂扬红叶的生机与美丽;“扁舟一棹归何处?家在江南黄叶村”,诗人对于江南秋色分明艳羡不已。此外,如像“红树青山好放船”、“半江红树卖鲈鱼”……这此美丽的诗句也都远离“满山红叶,尽是离人眼中血”那种饱含着哀伤的情调。大家知道,“现在”跟“过去”是对立的;但是,在历史的长河中,它们又有着一脉相联的源流。因此,即使是生活在旧进代里的诗人,对于某些事物也可以具有一定的正常感情。我们没有权力判定,过去一切诗人对于红叶和黄叶的美,都必然是色盲的。

小题1:作者对爬墙虎倾注了怎样的情感?阅读第三段划线句,揣摩作者使用“惊醒”一词的妙处。

答:(1)情感:                     。(2)妙处:                  

小题2:本文大量运用描写色彩的词语,这对表现文章主旨起了什么作用?产生了怎样的艺术效果?

答:(1)作用:                    。(2)效果:                 

小题3:阅读结尾一段,作者援引了一系列描写秋色的诗句,是为了说明什么?结合上下文,解释划线句“‘现在’跟‘过去’是对立的;但是,在历史的长河中,它们又有着一脉相联的源流”的含义。

答:(1)说明:                     。(2)含义:                 

答案

小题1:(1)情感是热烈赞美之情。(2分)(2)妙处是彰显了秋色之美的突如其来。(2分)

小题1:(1)作用:对发现与赞叹秋色之美的主旨(1分)起凸显作用(1分)。

(2)效果:展现秋色的丰富性,(1分)给人一种视觉享受,增强感染力(1分)。

小题1:(1)说明中国古代诗人见秋叶而伤情是不足取的。(2分)(2)引用古人的诗句,说明古人与今人的感受有相通之处,“过去”跟“现在”不割裂,是辩证统一的。(2分)

阅读理解

     Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Lisa. That's where the similarities

ended.

     I was tall and she was small. My thick black hair had been recently cut short into an untidy style. Her

natural blonde hair flowed to her waist and looked great. I was 12 and one of the oldest in the class while

she was 11 and the youngest. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I couldn't stand her, considering her

my enemy. But she liked me and wanted to be friends.

     One day, she invited me over and I said yes-I was too shocked to answer any other way. My family

had moved six times in six years, and I had never managed to develop any friendships. But this girl who

wore the latest fashions wanted me to go home with her after school..

     She lived in a fun part of town that had two pizza places, an all-right bookstore, a movie theater and

a park. As we walked from the school bus stop through her neighborhood, I tried to guess which house

might be hers. Was it the white one with the perfect lawn or the three -story house with a front porch? I

got very surprised when she led me into an old apartment building. She lived on the fourth floor in a

two-room place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister.

     When we got into the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies, which was

my next surprise. I had never played with them. We sat on the floor, laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. We found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older and both had

wild imaginations. We had a great day that afternoon.

     Lisa was loved by the whole neighborhood. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines; the

movie theater gave her free tickets…Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each

other's houses and spent every free moment together.

     Lisa, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through the rough years of early adolescence

and taught me an amazing and very surprising thing about making friends: your worst enemy can turn out

to be your best friend.

1. The writer and Lisa were similar in the way that           .

A. they were both tall

B. they had the same hair styles

C. they were both new students

D. they were of the same age

2. One day Lisa invited the writer                   .        

A. to go to the movie

B. to go to walk in a park

C. to go to her home

D. to go to a pizza place

3. In the passage the writer described Lisa as a girl who was                  .        

A. friendly and lovely

B. rich and happy

C. quiet and lonely

D. awkward and shy

4. Which of the following did the writer learn from Lisa?

A. How to make up stories.

B. How to deal with enemies.

C. How to live a better life.

D. How to make friends.

单项选择题 A1型题