下列关于非诉行政案件执行申请人的表述中正确的是_______。
A．非诉行政案件执行的申请人只能是行政机关
B．非诉行政案件执行的申请人只能是生效具体行政行为确立的权利人
C．非诉行政案件执行的申请人一般是行政机关，但在特定情形下也可以是生效具体行政行为确定的权利人
D．生效具体行政行为确定的权利人提出非诉案件的执行申请必须经行政机关同意
参考答案：C
解析： 本题考核非诉行政案件执行的申请人。行政机关根据法律的授权对平等主体之间民事争议作出裁决后，当事人在法定期限内不起诉又不履行的，作出裁决的行政机关在申请执行的期限内未申请人民法院强制执行的，生效具体行政行为确定的权利人或其继承人、权利承受人在90日内可以申请人民法院强制执行。
| Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances. Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily. Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor." |
The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in ______.
A．2000
B．1953
C．1909
D．1810