问题 选择题

t℃时,在两个相同的密闭刚性容器(等容)中分别进行SO2和SO3相互转化的实验,反应的化学方程式为2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g),实验Ⅰ和实验Ⅱ情况分别为图Ⅰ和图Ⅱ所示:

数据分析发现:达到平衡时,化学状态Ⅰ和化学状态Ⅱ完全相同。下列叙述不正确的是

A.若实验ⅠSO­2的起始浓度为1mol/L,则实验ⅠO2的起始浓度为0.5mol/L;实验ⅡSO3的起始浓度为1mol/L.

B.若实验ⅠSO2的转化率为a%,则实验ⅡSO3 的转化率为1-a%。

C.若起始浓度C(SO2) m mol/L,C(O2)=" n" mol/L,C(SO3)=" p" mol/L,在相同条件下进行实验,要求达到平衡时的状态与实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ完全相同,则m、n、p必须满足的条件是m/n="2" 和 m+p=1。

D.维持实验Ⅰ的起始浓度和实验温度不变,改密闭刚性容器为密闭可变体积容器(等压容器)进行实验,达到化学平衡时:SO2的转化率与实验Ⅰ中SO2的转化率相比要小,但正反应速率与实验Ⅱ相比要大。

答案

答案:D

题目分析:从实验Ⅰ中起初V(逆)为0,说明只有反应物,没有生成物,而实验Ⅱ中起初V(正)为0,说明只有生成应物,没有反应物.数据分析发现:达到平衡时,化学状态和化学状态二完全相同,也就是等温和等容条件下的等效平衡。由于图Ⅱ中隐含一个条件,只有产物,达到平衡时,C(SO2): C(O2)=2:1。SO2的起始浓度为1mol/L,则实验ⅠO2的起始浓度为0.5mol/L,在定T、V条件下,只要通过可逆反应的化学计量数比换算成平衡时左右两边同一边物质的物质的量与原平衡相同,则二平衡等效,即实验ⅡSO3的起始浓度为1mol/L。恒温恒容下分别进行下列两种操作SO2的转化率+SO3的转化率=1,实验ⅡSO3的转化率为1-a%;若起始浓度C(SO2)=" m" mol/L,C(O2)=" n" mol/L,C(SO3)=" p" mol/L,,在相同条件下进行实验,要求达到平衡时的状态与实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ完全相同即m/n =" 2" 和 m+p="1;" 改密闭刚性容器为密闭可变体积容器(等压容器)相当于在原来平衡的基础上加压,则加压平衡向正反应方向移动,速率(正逆)变大

点评:本题在掌握化学平衡的相关知识的同时,还应该注意看懂图像,作答时,应该注重图像与知识的结合。难度较大。

阅读理解

Being organized is an important skill for school and life.When you're well organized, you can stay focused, instead of spending time hunting things down.__小题1:__For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignments, so you know what you have to do and when.Keeping labeled folders(贴有标签的文件夹) for handouts(课堂讲义)and keeping all your schoolwork neat and in a specific place—these are the main parts of organization.

For home stuff, being organized means having a place to put your things and putting them back as you go.__小题2:__It means keeping your schoolbag, your shoes, and your clean underwear in the same places so you always know where to find them.

Planning is part of being organized, too.__小题3:_ Calendars, lists, and schedules can help you plan.You can buy or draw a calendar and keep it near your workplace.Making a schedule or “to­do” list for yourself is a good idea.Looking at your list helps you keep track of what you need to do.__小题4:__ Check off things when you've done them.Use your list to help you decide which thing is most important to work on first.

__小题5:__But once you're organized, it feels great.The less time you spend hunting around for things or panicking about homework, the more time you have for better things, like reading a good book or playing.

A.Planning means deciding what you will do and when you will do it.

B.First, you should get your schoolwork organized.

C.Add new thi Check off things when you've done them.

D.You will benefit a lot from a good habit.E.What does it mean to be organized?

F.It takes some extra efforts to organize yourself and your stuff.

G.It means hanging your coat up instead of dropping it on the floor or throwing it on a chair.

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