问题 计算题

太阳内部进行着剧烈的氢核聚变反应,氦核是由4个质子生成,同时有正电子放出,正电子又会和负电子湮没成为一对光子,在这一系列核反应过程中放出4.5×J能量,已知现在太阳每秒辐射5.0×J的能量。

(1)写出上述两个核反应方程;

(2)计算出太阳每秒产生的氦核数目及每年减少的质量(保留2位有效数字)。

答案

解:(1)  

(2)太阳内每形成一个氦核产生能量为4.5×J,太阳每秒发射5.0×J能量,所以每秒形成的氦数目n=5.0×J/4.5×J=1.1×

一年太阳释放的总能量为E=5×J×365×24×3600=1.6×J

太阳每年减少的质量为△m=E/=1.8×kg

阅读理解

阅读理解

     On the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the

school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, "You're nervous and that's okay. Everyone

is afraid of high school." I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.

    On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that

I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be? I didn't think I could rise to this

challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock

someone out with it! The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.

    Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out.  With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so

bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.

    Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three

people ran for the four positions.

    It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something

that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some outofclass activities because you'll find

it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.

    Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a "fool", an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try

to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.

1. The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that ________.

A. he was unable to work out the puzzle

B. his schoolmates were unfriendly to him

C. he was not familiar with the new surroundings

D. his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry

2. From the author's first day experience we can infer that ________.

A. his home was far from the school

B. he got to school after classes began

C. he didn't get any school schedule

D. he didn't know the right way to class

3. After his first week at school, the author ________.

A. was still not accustomed to the schedule

B. gradually adjusted himself to the new school

C. found high school not so challenging as he had imagined

D. ran for monitor of his class against three other students

4. According to the passage, the secret of the author's success lies mainly in ________.

A. making more friends

B. getting more A's at school

C. being who he really is

D. joining in outofclass activities

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