问题 综合题

阅读材料,回答问题(12分)

材料  近代历史演进的最重要的结果之一,就是农牧对峙不再成为中国历史的主题,中 * * 由自在的民族转变为自觉的民族。近代以前,中 * * 处于自在的民族状态。历史上中国范围的民族关系,在经济文化趋于一体化的同时,往往出现政治上的分化与隔离倾向。这是与农牧对峙格局密切相关的。农耕地带,基本上是汉族聚居地区;游牧地带,则基本上是少数民族聚居地区。……而数千年交融形成的内在联系和一致性,由于当时在中国范围之外还没有出现一个真正足以威胁各民族共同利益的力量,中国各民族尚不能对之有自觉的认识。

西方势力的到来,中国被纳入世界范围之中,表现为农牧对峙形态的中国国内的民族矛盾,不再成为历史的主题,而让位于近代意义上的民族国家即中国民族与外国民族之间的矛盾。为反抗外来侵略势力的压迫,中国范围内各民族之间利益的一致性变得突出起来,统一性空前提高。中国“大一统”的领土主权意识和整体民族精神逐渐得到自觉的体认,作为中国范围各民族之“共名”的“中 * * ”脱颖而出,成为中国人内求团结,外争独立于世界的一面旗帜。

——甘霖《变局——前11世纪以来至21世纪中国区域发展与社会变迁》

评述材料中关于近代“中 * * ”的观点。(12分)

(要求:围绕材料中的观点展开评论;观点明确,史论结合)

答案

观点:近代中 * * 由自在的民族转变为自觉的民族。近代“中 * * ”成为中国人内求团结,外争独立于世界的一面旗帜。

题目分析:本题首先要概括出材料中的观点,即近代中 * * 由自在的民族转变为自觉的民族;依据材料第一段内容,可以概括出近代以前,中 * * 处于自在的民族状态,民族关系主要是国内的农牧对峙状态;此段论述可结合所学的中国古代民族关系史实进行论述。材料第二段内容,可以概括出随着西方列强的到来,反抗外来侵略使国内各民族之间的统一性空前提高,各民族团结反抗外来侵略的整体民族精神觉醒;此段可结合近代以来各民族反抗外来侵略的史实进行论述。

完形填空
Harmless fun and bullying(欺负) separated by a very thin line.This line is crossed on a daily basis,without being known.This full extent of this line crossing isn’t often felt until much later.Blind eyes are often being turned,and the problem is becoming more and more serious.
Harmless fun occurs when nobody has hurt feelings and laughter follows.There is no harm in the fun,and all people can enjoy the joking.Bullying occurs when someone is looked down upon.Not every joke is funny,and sometimes we can cruelly hurt somebody without our knowledge.
The most difficult part of the line between harmless fun and bullying is the simple fact that everybody has their own line,and even it’s different from time to time,depending on a certain character.Everybody has their own limit of tolerance,and harmless fun that is close to bullying usually gather up the bottled emotions that are ready to break out.No matter how strong the friendships are,words can treat them apart from the root,destroying the very foundation that they have been built upon.
The key is that the line should never be crossed.Harmless fun has its time and place,since laughter is the best medicine for what worries you,but it should never be taken to the extreme,where someone is feeling down.
 The best possible way to ensure that you aren’t the one responsible for linecrossing is to think before you speak.We should first try to understand before we try to be understood.If the words you feel like saying to someone aren’t the words you would want to say to your parent,brother,child,or good friend,then chances are that you should think of something else to say.
Saying things behind someone else’s back is no good,either,because those words often find their target finally,and usually the comments have been misunderstood and the intention,while perhaps harmless,tends to turn towards bullying.
Title:Harmless Fun and Bullying
 
小题1:______
People often cross the line between harmless fun and bullying,resulting in bullying,which is often hidden.
 
小题2:_______
 
Harmless fun
Hurting nobody’s 小题3:_______ and bringing laughter
Bullying
●Making someone feel 小题4:_______
●Hurting somebody unconsciously
 
Reasons
●People’s own line differing from time to time because of 小题5:_______
●Harmless fun possibly turning into bullying once it develops 小题6:____ people’s own limit of tolerance
 
小题7:_______
●Trying not to小题8:_______
●Dealing with harmless fun properly especially when one is小题9:______
●小题10:_______________
●Trying to understand before trying to be understood.
●Regarding the listener as your parent,brother,child or good friend
●Not making comments behind one’s back in order to avoid being misunderstood
解答题