问题 问答题

A公司是一家制造企业,现在正考虑投产一新产品,其有关资料如下:
(1)A公司目前拥有资金2000万元,其中,长期借款800万元,年利率10%;权益资金1200万元,股数100万股,公司目前的销售收入为1000万元,变动成本率为40%,固定付现成本为80万元,非付现成本为20万元。
(2)公司拟投产一种新产品,新产品的市场适销期为5年。该产品的生产可以利用企业原有的一台设备,此外还要购置一台配套设备。
(3)旧设备当初购买成本40万元;税法规定该类设备的折旧年限10年,残值率10%,已经使用5年,预计尚可使用年限5年,5年后的最终残值为0,设备当前变现价值为10万元,已经商量好了一家买方。
(4)新设备买价为80万元,税法规定该类设备的折旧年限10年、残值率10%,直线折旧法。使用5年后的变现价值估计为5万元。
(5)新产品投产后,预计每年的销售收入会增加200万元,假设变动成本率仍为40%,固定付现成本会增加16万元。
(6)生产部门估计新产品的生产还需要增加20万元的营业流动资产。
(7)公司过去没有投产过类似新产品项目,但新项目与另一家上市公司的经营项目类似,该上市公司的β为1.5,其资产负债率为60%,目前证券市场的无风险收益率为5%,证券市场的平均收益率为15%。
(8)公司投资所需要增加的资金现有两个方案可供选择:按10%的利率发行债券(方案1);按每股20元发行新股(方案2)。
(9)所得税税率均为25%。
要求:
1.确定增加新产品生产前的每年的息税前营业利润;

答案

参考答案:负债的资本成本=10%×(1-25%)=7.5%
类比上市公司的产权比率=60%/(1-60%)=1.5
类比上市公司的β资产权益/[1+(1-25%)×产权比率]=1.5/[1+0.75×1.5]=0.71
A公司追加筹资后的产权比率=900/1200=0.75
A公司新的β权益资产×[1+(1-25%)×0.75]=0.71×1.5625=1.11
股票的资本成本=5%+1.11×(15%-5%)=16.1%
加权平均资本成本=7.5%×900/2100+16.1%×1200/2100=3.21%+9.2%=12.41%≈12%

阅读理解

"Wanted by the FBI." To the murderer, or the bank robber, these are the most frightening words in the world. When the criminal hears them, he knows that six thousand trained persons are after him.

Why should he be so afraid? There are thousands of cities and villages where he can hide, and forests and deserts ,as well. Besides, he's usually rich with stolen money.

Money can make it easier to hide. With money, the criminal can even pay a doctor to operate on his face and make him hard to recognize. But the criminals know that as public enemies, they can be found by the FBI no matter where they hide.

They know every trick the criminal knows and many more. If he makes just one mistake, they' Il get him. That' s why the man who is wanted can' t sleep. That' s why he becomes nervous, an  d why he jumps at every- sound.

The FBI began on May 10th, 1924. General Harlan Stone chose Edgar Hoover, a young lawyer, to head the new agency (机构). "What we need is a wholly new kind of police force," he said.  "Criminals today are smart. They use stolen cars and even planes to make their gateways. They have learned to open any lock, using advanced technology. We can' t beat them with old methods. We have to train officers to work scientifically."

Edgar Hoover quietly went ahead with his plans. He picked his men carefully. They had to be between the ages of 25 and 35.  He wanted only men with good manners and good character. When working as his officers, they would have to meet all kinds of people. Hoover wanted men who could handle a teacup as well as a gun. But the FBI cannot help in every police problem. It can look into only certain crimes against the government. Solving all other crimes is the duty of local police forces.

60. The FBI makes it almost impossible for a wanted man to ____.

A. be operated on his face                     B. hide in forests or deserts

C. escape being caught                       D. break the law

61. Edgar Hoover was a ____ before he worked with the FBI.

A. policeman        B. doctor         C. lawyer         D. officer

62. The FBI was set up in order to ____.

A. help solve every police problem          B. stop crimes against the government

C. reduce the work by local police forces     D. fight crimes scientifically

63. The underlined phrase "handle a teacup" probably means ___.

A. have good manners                      B. serve tea to customers

C. play tricks with teacups                  D. hold teacups firmly 

填空题