问题 选择题

关于物体的内能,下列说法中正确的是(  )

A.温度相同的物体,内能也一定相同

B.同一个物体,温度不变时内能可能改变

C.物体的内能增大,一定是从外界吸收了热量

D.物体速度越大,则物体分子动能越大

答案

A、物体的温度越高,内能越大,但影响内能大小的因素除了温度以外,还有物体的质量、体积和状态.所以在不确定其它因素都相同的情况下,只凭温度相同,无法确定内能就一定相同.

B、温度升高,内能增大;但内能增大,温度不一定升高.如晶体熔化时要吸热,内能增加,但温度不变.

C、改变物体内能的方式有两种:一是做功,二是热传递.一个物体的内能增大,可能是外力对这个物体做了功,还可能是该物体吸收了热量.

D、内能是物体内部所有分子做无规则热运动的动能和分子势能的总和,所以内能与物体内部分子的热运动和分子间的相互作用情况有关,而与整个物体的速度无关.

故选 B.

单项选择题
单项选择题

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was (16) to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolin-gual dictionary. (17) it was a dictionary intended for non—native learners, none of my classmates had one (18) , to be honest, I found it extremely (19) to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and (20) not fully understand the meaning, I was used to the (21) bilingual dic-tionaries, in which the words are (22) both in English and Chinese, I really wondered why my aunt (23) to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I (24) that monolingual dictionaries are (25) in learning a foreign language.

As I found out, there is (26) often NO perfect equivalence(对应) between two (27) in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to (28) that a Chinese "equivalent" can never give you the (29) meaning of a word in English! (30) , she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary (31) I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. (32) , I have come to see what she meant.

Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) (33) number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am (34) exposed to (接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. (35) this, I can express myself more easily in English.

21()

A. new

B. familiar

C. earlier

D. ordinary