问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成文后各题。

 柳贵于垂,不垂则可无柳。柳条贵长,不长则无袅娜之致,徒垂无益也。此树为纳蝉之所,诸鸟亦集。长夏不寂寞,得时闻鼓吹者,是树皆有功,而高柳为最。总之,种树非止娱目,兼为悦耳。目有时而不娱,以在卧榻之上也;耳则无时不悦。                                                   

鸟声之最可爱者,不在人之坐时,而偏在睡时。鸟音宜晓听,人皆知之;而其独宜于晓之故,人则未之察也。鸟之防弋,无时不然。卯辰以后,是人皆起,人起而鸟不自安矣。虑患之念一生,虽欲鸣而不得,鸣亦必无好音,此其不宜于昼也。晓则是人未起,即有起者,数亦寥寥,鸟无防患之心,自能毕其能事。且扪舌一夜,技痒于心,至此皆思调弄,所谓“不鸣则已,一鸣惊人”者是也,此其独宜于晓也。庄子非鱼,能知鱼之乐;笠翁非鸟,能识鸟之情。凡属鸣禽,皆当呼予为知己。                              

种树之乐多端,而其不便于雅人者亦有一节;枝叶繁冗,不漏月光。隔婵娟而不使见者,此其无心之过,不足责也。然匪树木无心,人无心耳。使于种植之初,预防及此,留一线之余天,以待月轮出没,则昼夜均受其利矣。

(选自李渔《闲情偶寄》)

小题1:对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是 (  )

A.不长则无袅娜之致   致:获得

B.得时闻鼓吹者     鼓吹:此指蝉唱和鸟鸣

C.鸟之防弋,无时不然  弋:用系有绳子的箭射鸟

D.隔婵娟而不使见者   婵娟:指月亮小题2:下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是 (  )

A.文章从垂柳之可爱写到蝉附鸟集,因而能让人“时闻鼓吹”,“耳则无时不悦”,于袅娜重柳的蝉唱鸟鸣中产生一片悦情,寻觅到一种生活的乐趣。

B.文章写鸟在白天有“虚患之念”,故“欲鸣而不得,鸣亦必无好音”,清晨则无“防患之心”,故“自能毕其能事”“一鸣惊人”,两相对比,突出“鸟音宜晓听”的观点。

C.文章由“悦耳”引出一段关于“鸟声”的探幽发微的议论,句句写鸟,又似句句非止于写鸟:晓时鸟鸣,一无所虑,其声清月越明澈,自由透脱,此间岂无寄欤?

D.文末由“种树之乐”写到种树之“不便”在于“枝叶繁冗,不漏月光”,这是“树木无心”与“人无心”造成的。看似闲笔,实则体现了事物都有两面性的辩证思考。

答案

小题1:A

小题2:D

小题1:A(致:此指景致、情态,名词。)

小题2:D(此项有两错:一是作者认为种树之“不便”不是由于“树木无心”,而是因为“人无心”,如果“种树之初”“留一线之余天”则可避免;二是并非着意体现所谓“事物都有两面性的辩证思考”。)

文言文参考译文]

柳树贵在柳枝下垂,柳枝不下垂就宁可没有柳树。柳枝贵在长,柳枝不长就没有袅娜景致,只是下垂没有什么益处。这种树是招纳蝉的处所,各种鸟也往往栖息在上面。漫长的夏天不让人感到寂寞,能时时听到蝉唱鸟鸣,这树都有功劳,而高高的柳树是功劳最大的。总之,种树不只是让眼睛娱乐,还能使耳朵愉悦。眼睛有时却不能娱乐,因为人躺在卧榻上;耳朵就没有什么时候不愉悦。

鸟鸣中最可爱的,不在于人坐着的时候,却偏在于人睡着的时候。鸟音适宜在早晨听赏,人们都知道这个情况;然而正是它单单适宜于早晨听赏的缘故,人们就没有察觉它。鸟儿防备射猎,没有哪个时候不是这样。过了卯时辰时之后,人们都起床了,人们起了床而鸟就不能自在安宁了。忧虑担心的念头一萌生,虽然想要鸣叫都不能,鸣叫起来也一定没有动听的声音,这是它(听赏鸟鸣)不适宜在白天的原因。早上人们却都没起床,即使有起床的,人数也是寥寥无几,鸟儿没有防患的想法,自然能尽情表现它(善于鸣唱)的本领。况且舌头憋了一夜,心里痒痒的只想一展唱技,到这时都想摆弄歌喉了,所说的“不鸣则已,一鸣惊人”的情况就是这样,这是它(听赏鸟鸣)适宜在早晨的原因。庄子不是鱼,能知道鱼儿的快乐;笠翁不是鸟,能懂得鸟儿的心情。凡是啼鸟鸣禽,都应当把我当作它们知己呀。

种树的乐趣有多种,但是它对于高雅的人不便的情况也有一个:枝叶繁茂,不透月光。阻隔着月亮而不使人看到(月光),这是它无意而造成的过错,不值得责备它。然而不是树木无心,而是人无心罢了。假使在种植树木的当初,预防到这一点,留下一线闲余的天空,用以等待明月(在树木之间)出没,那么白天晚上就都能得到它的好处了

填空题
阅读理解

B
Imperial College
London    
Tanaka Business School
10 New Professors,Readers,Senior Lectures or Lecturers (讲师)
Imperial College is among the top ten universities of the world,according to the 2006
Times Higher Education   
Having doubled its size in the last 4 years and hired world—class scholars during that period。Imperial’s Tanaka Business School wishes to make a further 10academic appointments in its drive to become a leading research—led business school.Only applicantswho have published in top international magazines will be considered. Excellent ones from any field of management are welcome,but the school particularly wishes to appointin the fields of marketing,technology management and healthcare. International salaries will be offered.
An application form and further details may be downloaded from www.imperial.ac. uk/
tanaka(About Us,job opportunities).
An application form,2 of your best papers should be sent to
 
60.Why 10 appointments are to be made?
A.To teach some new subjects
B.To guide students in reading
C.To make Imperial College among the top 10 universities of the world
D.To make Tanaka Business School a leading research –led business school
61.“Readers”in the 4th line mean         .
A.school newspaper editors               B.librarians
C.senior university teachers               D.college graduates
62.Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the passage?
A.Imperial College is a business school
B.Imperial College is a famous university in the world
C.Imperial College is very strict with job hunters
D.Imperial College offers good salary
63.According to the passage , if one wants to apply for a job in Imperial College, he/she should
_______ .
A.post all the material before 2 April 2007              B.prepare enough personal material in ink
C.write 2 essays                                             D.first visit www.imperial.ac.uk/tanaka