问题 问答题 简答题

写作题:

以“如何因材施教”为题,写一篇文章。

答案

参考答案:

如何因材施教

苏联教育家苏霍姆林斯基说:“教育工作的实践使我们深信,每个学生的个性都是不同的,而要培养一代新人的任务,首先要开发每个学生的差异性、独立性和创造性。”

正如世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶一样,世界上也没有完全相同的两个人,学生个体的差异是客观存在的,差异是因材施教的前提与基础。学生在学习过程中存在着生理、心理、社会性和学习环境的差异。我们每一位教师要认识到这些差异并设法超越差异、缩小差异。面对智力、能力、思维、性格、毅力等都存在差异的学生,我们的教育要“以人为本”,就要让每个学生鲜亮的个性得到张扬,让每个学生都能获得成功。为此我们的教育要允许学生有选择学习方法的权利,允许学生以不同的速度进行学习。因此,在课堂教学中,必须从学生的素质差别入手,以学生个体为教学对象,进行个别化因人施教。

那么,怎样才能使在实际教学中真正做到因材施教呢?

1.全面深入地了解学生,并对其个别差异与可变因素作科学分析

19世纪的俄国教育思想家乌中斯基曾说过,“如果教育学要在一切的关系上培养一个人,它就该首先了解人的一切关系。”可见了解学生之重要,它是“因材施教”的基础。要全面深入地了解学生,就应坚持全面和发展的观点,科学地分析其个别差异与可变因素,引导其向好的方向发展。

2.有针对性地“对症下药”,把“因材施教”真正地落实到每个学生身上

在教学中,既要从绝大多数学生的需要出发,又要考虑到个别需要。无论什么样的学生,肯定有其特殊的一面,要“对症下药”,我们要充满热情地对待学生,对后进生更应关怀备至,以情动人,以理服人。实践已经证明:经过教和学的双方努力之后,大多数学生都能很好地成长为有用之材,从不同的方面对我们的国家作出贡献。

3.采取有效措施发挥学生的特长,使其得到充分发展

无论优等生还是后进生,那都是人为划分的,教师应该认识到每个学生都有自己特有的长处,要长所有学生的善,扬所有学生的优。

苏霍姆林斯基说过,“每个学生都是独一无二的世界。”“天赋为每一个正常的头脑打下了必要的、充足的根基,使每一个人都能成为创造者。”每一个学生都是与众不同的,都有自己的特点和长处。花有花的香,树有树的美,晴有晴的丽,雨有雨的趣。学生作为被教育的对象,更是如此。当每个教育工作者都从内心欣赏每个学生,关心每个学生,尊重每个学生的自然心性,那么,世界将会变得更美好。

解析:该类题目可以结合教师职业理念中关于教育观以及学生观等现代教育理念相关理论进行写作。一般此类话题写成议论文或杂文会较为容易。

阅读理解
One morning, a blind* boy sat in front of a building with a hat by his feet .He held a sign* which said,“I am blind. Please help me. There were only a few coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat .He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words on it. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by could see the new words.
Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps* and ask,“Are you the one who changed my sign in the morning? What did you write?”
The man said,“I only wrote the truth. I said what you said, but in a different way.”
What he had written was,“Today is a beautiful day, but I can’t see it.”
Do you think the first sign and the second sign were saying the same thing?
    Special low prices on all clothes  
 
LIST PRICE标价
SALE PRICE卖价
Shoes
$48
$32
Skirt
$180
$95
Coat
$420
$288
Trousers
$160
$108
    Special low prices on all clothes  
 
LIST PRICE标价
SALE PRICE卖价
Shoes
$48
$32
Skirt
$180
$95
Coat
$420
$288
Trousers
$160
$108
Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty* of the day, but the boy could not enjoy it because he was blind.
The first sign simply said the boy was blind, while the second sign told people they were so lucky that they were not blind.
There are at least two lessons we can learn from this simple story.
The first is: Treasure*what you have. Someone else has less. Try your best to help those who need your help.
The second is: Be creative. Think differently. There is always a better way.
小题1:On the sign what the man wrote was,“_______.”
A.Treasure what we have already had.
B.Today is a beautiful day, but I can’t see it.
C.We are so lucky that we are not blind.
D.Try your best to help those who need your help.
小题2:The word“recognized”here in Chinese means______.
A.承认B.接受
C.表扬D.认出
小题3:From the passage we know that _____.
A.the boy always has a hat on his head.
B.the man is one of his friends.
C.the boy is blind and needs help.
D.the boy works for the man.
小题4:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.The hat began to fill up after the man wrote some words on the sign.
B.The man took away all the few coins from the hat.
C.The boy wanted to get enough money to go to school.
D.Nobody wanted to give any coins to the blind boy.
多项选择题