问题 阅读理解与欣赏

文言文阅读(12分)

既至秦,持千金之资币物,厚遗秦王宠臣中庶子蒙嘉。

嘉为先言于秦王曰:“燕王诚振怖大王之威,不敢兴兵以拒大王,愿举国为内臣,比诸侯之列,给贡职如郡县,而得奉守先王之宗庙。恐惧不敢自陈,谨斩樊於期头,及献燕之督亢之地图,函封,燕王拜送于庭,使使以闻大王。唯大王命之。”

秦王闻之,大喜。乃朝服,设九宾,见燕使者咸阳宫。

荆轲奉樊於期头函,而秦武阳奉地图匣,以次进,至陛下,秦武阳色变振恐,群臣怪之,荆轲顾笑武阳,前为谢曰:“北蛮夷之鄙人,未尝见天子,故振慑,愿大王少假借之,使毕使于前。”秦王谓轲曰:“起,取武阳所持图!”

轲既取图奉之,发图,图穷而匕首见。因左手把秦王之袖,而右手持匕首揕之。未至身,秦王惊,自引而起,绝袖。拔剑,剑长,操其室。时恐急,剑坚,故不可立拔。

荆轲逐秦王,秦王还柱而走。群臣惊愕,卒起不意,尽失其度。而秦法,群臣侍殿上者,不得持尺兵;诸郎中执兵,皆陈殿下,非有诏不得上。方急时,不及召下兵,以故荆轲逐秦王,而卒惶急无以击轲,而乃以手共搏之。

是时,侍医夏无且以其所奉药囊提轲。秦王方还柱走,卒惶急不知所为。左右乃曰:“王负剑!王负剑!”遂拔以击荆轲,断其左股。荆轲废,乃引其匕首提秦王,不中,中柱。秦王复击轲,被八创。

轲自知事不就,倚柱而笑,箕踞以骂曰:“事所以不成者,乃欲以生劫之,必得约契以报太子也。”

左右既前,斩荆轲。秦王目眩良久。

小题1:下列句子中,加点词语的解释不正确的一项是(   )(2分)

A.持千金之资物币:礼品

B.厚秦王宠臣中庶子蒙嘉遗:给予、赠送

C.荆轲顾笑武阳,前为曰谢:道谢

D.图穷而匕首见:露出来小题2:下列各组句子中,加点词的含义和用法相同的一项(   )(2分)

A.使毕使前若亡郑而有益

B.夏无且以所奉药囊提轲吾还也

C.引其匕首提秦王不知有汉

D.倚柱笑夜缒出小题3:下列有关文段内容的解说,不准确的一项(   )(2分)

A.这段文字,重点描述了荆轲廷刺秦王的场景,刻画了荆轲临危不惧、奋不顾身的英雄形象。

B.文段写秦武阳色变振恐,是从正面体现荆轲的镇定自若,显示秦廷的森严和始皇的威武,这一“色变振恐”与荆轲的“顾笑”形成鲜明的对比。

C.荆轲“左手把秦王之袖,而右手持匕首揕之”,正是前文荆轲对樊於期 * * 所说的刺杀设想的实施,此处印证了荆轲计划的合理性。

D.由于刺杀秦王是在仓促之间出现的,秦廷上下反应迟钝:秦王惶恐到拔不出剑的地步,大臣们也都是目瞪口呆、手足无措。小题4:将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(9分)

(1)函封,燕王拜送于庭,使使以闻大王。(3分)

(2)所以遣将守关者,备他盗之出入与非常也。(3分)

(3)既东封郑,又欲肆其西封,若不阙秦,将焉取之?(3分)

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:B

小题4:

(1)用木匣封好,燕王在朝廷行跪拜之礼,派遣使者来禀告大王。

(2)派遣将士把守关卡的原因,是为了防止其他流寇的出入和意外事故(的发生)。

(3)它既以郑国作为东边的疆界,又要扩张它西边的疆界,如果不损害秦国,它到哪里去夺取土地呢?

小题1:

题目分析:C项 谢:道歉,谢罪。A项 币:名词,作为赠礼的车马玉帛等一切值钱的财物。B项 遗:读“wèi”动词,给予,馈赠。D项 见:读“xiàn”古同“现”,出现,显露。

小题2:

题目分析:D项两个“而”全是连词,表修饰。A项前一个“于”是介词“在”,后一个“于”是介词“对”; B项前一个“以”是介词“用”“拿”,后一个“以”是连词“因为”;  C项前一个“乃”是连词“于是”,后一个“乃”是副词“竟然”。

小题3:

题目分析:是为了显示荆轲的临危不惧,而非秦廷的森严与秦王的威武

小题4:

题目分析:本题首先要找出关键字(重要实词和虚词)或句式进行翻译,一般为直译,除一些带有比喻性的词语然后再整体翻译,并按现代汉语的规范,达到词达句顺。本题中应重点理解““函、使使、闻”、““所以,……者,……也,非常”、““封、肆、阙”等词语。

【参考译文】

到了秦国以后,(荆轲)拿着价值千金的礼物,重重地赠送给秦王的宠臣中庶子蒙嘉。

蒙嘉替他先在秦王面前说好话道:“燕王实在害怕大王的威势,不敢发动军队来抵抗大王,愿意让全国上下做秦国的臣民,和其他诸侯并列,像秦国的郡县一样交纳贡品和赋税,守住祖先留下的国士。燕王惶恐畏惧,不敢亲自前来陈说,谨斩下樊於期的头,并献出燕国督亢的地图,装在匣子里封好,燕王在朝廷上举行过大礼,派使臣前来向大王禀告。一切听从大王的吩咐。”

秦王听了(蒙嘉)这番话,非常高兴,便穿上上朝的礼服,设置九宾大礼,在咸阳宫接见燕国的使者。

荆轲捧着装有樊於期头的匣子,秦武阳捧着装地图的匣子,两个人按次序进人。走到台阶前,秦武阳脸色突然变了,害怕起来,秦国的大臣们都感到奇怪,荆轲回头冲武阳笑,上前替(他)谢罪说:“北方边远地区的粗俗人,不曾见过天子,所以害怕,望大王宽恕,让他在大王面前完成使命。”秦王对荆轲说:“起来,把秦武阳拿的地图送上来。”

荆轲把地图取来献给秦王,打开地图,地图展到尽头,匕首露出来了。(荆轲)乘势用左手抓住秦王的衣袖,用右手拿起匕首向秦王刺去。还没刺到秦王的身上,秦王大惊,自己挣着站起来,袖子断了。秦王拔剑,剑太长,只抓住剑鞘。一时惊慌得厉害,剑又插得紧,因此未能马上拔出来。

荆轲追赶秦王,秦王绕着柱子跑。大臣们惊慌发呆,事情发生得突然,不曾意料到,大家都失去了常态。按照秦国的法律制度,陪侍在大殿上的臣子,不能携带任何武器;许多侍卫虽然手持兵器,但都守候在大殿之下,没有大王的命令他们是不能上殿的。秦王正在危急之中,来不及召唤殿下的侍卫,因此荆轲能追逐秦王,大臣们仓猝间又惊慌又着急,没有武器来攻击荆轲,便用空手共同和荆轲搏斗。

正在这时,秦王的随从医官夏无且,赶忙用他捧着的药袋朝荆轲掷去。秦王正绕着柱子跑,急得不知如何是好。左右的人喊道:“大王把剑推到背后拔!大王把剑推到背后拔!” 于是(秦王)拔出剑迎战荆轲,砍断了荆轲的左腿。荆轲伤残倒地,于是举起手中的匕首向秦王掷去,没有击中,中在柱子上了。秦王又砍荆轲(荆轲)受了八处伤。

荆轲自己知道任务无法完成了,便靠在柱子上笑,(他)两腿张开坐着傲视着对方骂道:“事情不成功的原因,是我想要活捉你,强迫你订立一个条约来报答燕国的太子啊。”

(秦王的)侍臣上前,斩杀了荆轲。秦王(吓得头昏)眼花了好长一段时间。

完形填空

PART FOUR  WRITING

Section A

Directions: Read the following passage and complete the diagram by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each numbered blank.

Frederic Chopin is one of the most romantic figures in musical biography. He was dreamy and tender(温柔的). Chopin was born at a village near Warsaw, in Poland, on the 22nd of February 1810.

In his early years Chopin showed himself very interested in music. He was only nine when he made his first public appearance. Chopin had been studying with Elsner, the director of Warsaw Conservatoire, for some time when his father thought it would be good for him to have a little tour before settling down to the practice of his profession. Thus a tour was arranged, Berlin was the first place visited where he heard a lot of music. And then came an important visit to “the beautiful musical Vienna.” There he was surrounded with requests to play in public. After Vienna, he visited Prague and Dresden, where he met more musical celebrities.

It was Paris where he decided to perfect his technique that Chopin finally settled in. The performance came off in 1832, and though the audience was small the artistic success was great. Prince Radziwill took him to a party at the Rothsehilds. He was asked to play, and he played so beautifully that he was drowned with praise. Thus was the young Pole(波兰人)launched on his career of popularity in Paris.

Pauter says truly that Chopin never in his life wrote a bar of music that contained an inferior idea. And there was nothing vulgar (粗俗的) about himself. Nobody knew him better than George Sand. She says, “Gentle, sensitive, and very lovely, he united the charm of adolescence with sincerity of a more mature age.”

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