保和汤功效与作用
参考答案：
劳证久嗽，肺燥成瘘者。
解析：保和汤
【来源】《修月鲁般经后录》引《十药神书》(录自《医方类聚》卷一五○)。
【组成】知母贝母天门冬麦门冬款花各9克天花粉薏仁五味子各6克粉草兜铃紫菀百合桔梗各3克阿胶当归地黄各12克紫苏薄荷各4克
【用法】上药研成粗末，用水700毫升，加生姜3片，煎至150毫升，去滓，加饴糖1匙入药汁内，食后服。可与保真汤相间服之。
【主治】劳证久嗽，肺燥成瘘者。
【加减】血盛，加蒲黄、茜根、藕节、大蓟、小蓟、茅根；痰盛，加南星、半夏、橘红、茯苓、枳壳、枳实；热盛，加大黄、山栀、黄连、黄柏、黄芩、连翘；风盛，加防风、荆芥、旋复、甘菊、细辛、香附子；寒盛，加人参、芍药、桂皮、麻黄、腊片；喘甚，加桑白皮、陈皮、大腹皮、苏子、卜子、葶苈子。
按：《十药神书》(陈修园注本)中此方有杏仁、百部，无麦门冬。
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| Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one's intelligence. But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people. The socalled nonintelligence factors'(非智力因素)include __1__ feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits. After a 30year followup study of 8000 males, American psychologists __2__ that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence __3__, but nonintelligence factors including the desire to learn, will power and selfconfidence. __ 4__ people all know that one should have definite objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don't pay much attention to __5__ these factors. Some parents are greatly worried __6__ their children fail to do well in their studies. They blame either genetic factors, malnutrition(营养不良)or laziness, but they never take __7__ consideration these non-intelligence factors. At the same time, some teachers don't inquire into these reasons __8__ students do poorly. They simply give them more courses and exercises, or __9__ criticize or laugh at them. After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and __10__ themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray(迷途)because they are sick of learning. A __11__ of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 per cent of them were __12__of learning because of examinations, 36.4 per cent lacked persistence, and consciousness and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning. It is clear __13__ the lack of improvement of nonintelligence factors has been a main obstacle(障碍) to __14__development in teenagers. It even causes an imbalance between physiological and __15__ development among a few students. If we don't start now to __16__ the improvement of nonintelligence factors, it will not only affect the development of the intelligence of teenagers, but also affect the__17__ of a whole generation. Some experts have put forward __18__ about how to improve students' nonintelligence factors. First, parents and teachers should __19__ understand teenage psychology. On this basis, they can help them to achieve the objectives of learning, __20__ their interests and toughening their willpower. | ||||
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