问题 单项选择题

案例四:  一般资料:求助者,男性,45岁,大学本科,公司经理。  案例介绍:求助者主诉,近一年来失眠,体虚,怕冷,爱出汗,两腿发软,浑身无力,不想做事情。在当地一家最有权威的医院做了全面体检,无器质性病变。  下面是心理咨询师和求助者的一段咨询谈话:  心理咨询师:你来这里想解决什么心理问题?  求助者:需要解决失眠问题,我睡不好觉,睡眠质量不好。  心理咨询师:请你详细说说你的睡眠情况,好吗?  求助者:我在公司负责销售,总希望把营业额提高,我很努力但营业额就是不如人意。我很烦,经常睡不着,现在每晚只能睡4至5个小时吧,以前我可是睡6至7个小时,我怕长此以往身体温表会垮掉。  心理咨询师:你的意思是你希望营业额提高,怕自己身体垮掉?  求助者:是的。  心理咨询师:我能理解你的心情,也为你完不成定额着急。但你要知道情绪和睡眠的关系,是越急就越睡不着,这是情绪对睡眠的干扰作用。睡眠是正常的生理现象,是兴奋向抑制的转换过程,你这个过程没有转换好,消极的暗示就会变得焦虑、恐惧。不知最初你不能入睡时是受什么情绪干扰,你愿意谈谈吗?  求助者:就是总想怎样提高营业额,万一完不成定额怎么办,因此睡不着。  心理咨询师:造成焦虑情绪是因为你的信念,你认为只要努力了,营业额就会上去了,其实这是不合理的信念。你的信念有的是合理的,有的是不合理的,不同的信念会导致不同的情绪状态。如果你认识到自己现在的情绪状态是一些不合理的信念所造成的,通过改变它,你就能控制自己的情绪。  求助者:真是这样么?可我还没看出我要求营业额提高有什么不合理的地方。  心理咨询师:如果把一枚硬币抛向天空,落回地面时会怎样?  求助者:当然有两种可能,一种字朝上,一种是徽朝上。  心理咨询师:当你提出要求时,是不是就像把硬币抛向天空一样?  求助者:我好像明白了,本来有两种可能的结果,我就要求出现一种结果。  心理咨询师:你对营业额提出要求,要求达到一定的数量,这是一种绝对化的要求,一种不合理的信念。如果你把这种“要求”变成“希望”,当你不希望的事发生时,最多是一种失望,不会过分的怨恨,自己也就不会焦虑了。  求助者:好像是这样的。  心理咨询师:好吧,今天的咨询就到这里,你回去好好思考思考。

单选:硬币的例子表明心理咨询师想矫正求助者的()

A.绝对化要求

B.过分概括

C.反黄金规则

D.糟糕至极

答案

参考答案:A

选择题
阅读理解
阅读下面短文,根据所读内容,在文章后第56-65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填一个单词 
People visit other countries for many purposes. Some travel on businesses; others travel to visit interesting places that are only found in other countries.
Wherever you go, and for whatever purpose, it’s important to be safe. A tourist can attract a lot of attention from local people. While most people you meet when travelling are sure to be nice, there are dangers—theft being the most common. So prepare for your trip in advance.
As you prepare for your trip, make sure you have the right paperwork. You don’t want to get to your destination (目的地)only to find you have the wrong visa, or worse, that your passport is about to expire (到期). Also, make sure you travel with proper medical insurance, so that if you are sick or injured during your travels, you can be treated. If you want to drive while you are abroad, make sure you have an international driver’s license.
If you need to take medicine with you—such as travel-sickness pills—keep it in its original container(容器). If you don’t, you may find yourself doing a lot of explaining to customs officials at your destination.
Buy a guidebook and read about the local customs of the country you are going to. Also, try and learn a few basic words and phrases—don’t assume that the local people will speak your language.
When you get to your destination, you’d better use official transport. Always go to the bus and taxi stands, don’t accept rides from strangers who offer you a lift. If there is no meter in the taxi, agree on a price before you get in. If you prefer to stay in cheap hotels while travelling, make sure you can lock the door of your room from the inside. If you are travelling with valuables such as jewelry, or a lot of money, you should ask about a safe for storing them in. Finally, remember to smile. It’s the friendliest and most sincere form of communication, and is sure to be understood in any part of the world!
Have a Safe Trip
Aspects of being safe
 小题1: on safety.
Paperwork
visa
You must have the  小题2: visa.
medical insurance
You are able to get   小题3: if you’re ill during the journey.
driving license
You should have the   小题4: driver’s license if you’d like to drive in foreign countries.
Medicine
Make sure it is   小题5: in its original containers.
Guidebook
If you buy one, you’ll know the local customs by  小题6: it.
小题7:
You can try to learn some simple words and phrases the local people use.
Transport
Use public transport. Don’t  小题8: into strangers’ cars.
Hotel      
Lock the door from the   小题9: .
Form of communication
Don’t forget to  小题10: when communicating with others.