问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

【材料一】无数的汉人都兴高采烈地剪去这条奴隶标志的辫子,也有迷信的,事先选择吉日,祭拜祖先,然后庄重地剪除,把辫子烧了。更有联合多人同日剪辫,并燃放爆竹,举行公宴庆祝的。 ——许金城《民国野史》

【材料二】辛亥年间,不是只有清室的遗老遗少,或者张勋那样愿意向旧王朝顶礼膜拜的人才继续留辫的。好多人将发辫盘在头顶,或藏在帽子里,还有人干脆一如既往地将辫子自自然然地垂于脑后。清末政坛的风云人物张謇,倒是把辫子剪了,可是他却郑重地将剪下来的辫子珍藏起来。

【材料三】有个小东门岗警,将发辫盘于帽内,掩人耳目,却被商团窥出了破绽,逼令该巡士将制帽除去,于是真相毕露,看众大哗,说你们劝人除去胡尾,自己反倒来掩饰欺人,实属可恶!说罢将该巡士的油发大辫揪住,要带他剪去。经该巡士再三恳求,请宽假一天,准予次日自行剪除,众始散去。——《上海研究资料》

请回答:

(1)结合材料,清末(辛亥革命期间)中国人的风俗习惯方面发生了什么变化?为什么会有这样的变化?

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(2)上述材料反映的这些现象说明了什么?你能从中得出什么结论?

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答案

(1)在风俗习惯方面:断发。原因:西方民主思想传播的影响,带有反清的革命色彩;民国政府的断发法令措施的推行。

(2)在移风易俗方面,中国人受西方影响,开始断发,但受封建思想毒害、影响特别深,彻底根除陋习是相当难的。结论:要想彻底地移风易俗,必须彻底推翻封建制度和封建思想,同时政府的决策要果断、彻底。

单项选择题

Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of travel in the foreseeable future.

The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.

Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.

When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements.

The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best mute, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,400 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.

One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ().

A. its power source

B. its driving system

C. its monitoring system

D. its seating capacity

单项选择题