问题 单项选择题

下列哪项检查最常用于明确菌痢的诊断()

A.粪便培养细菌

B.血液培养细菌

C.骨髓培养

D.粪便涂片染色镜检

E.粪便培养致病菌

答案

参考答案:E

解析:这是一道理解、记忆、应用题。考核学生对确诊菌痢方法的认识。预测错误率较高。常见错误:①错选"A",粪便中存在各种生理菌群,培养时可获阳性结果,这对菌痢的确诊并无帮助;②错选"B",说明对痢疾杆菌的致病机制不熟悉。痢疾杆菌很少侵入黏膜下层,一般不侵入血流,故极少发生菌血症或败血症,血液细菌培养常为阴性,不能排除菌痢;③错选"C",说明对协同凝集试验及其价值不了解。该试验有早期快速诊断的优点,但由于粪便中抗原成分复杂易出现假阳性反应,目前临床上尚未广泛应用;④错选"D",说明对痢疾杆菌的生物学特性不了解。痢疾杆菌为革兰染色阴性菌,粪便涂片染色镜检难以发现。要点菌痢患者的粪便标本应接种于肠道杆菌选择培养基上行致病菌培养,药敏试验有助于抗生素的选用。

判断题
写作题

第四部分读写任务 (共1小题,满分30分)

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

[阅读材料]

An elderly carpenter(木匠) was ready to retire.He told his employer of his plans to leave the house-building business and live a more leisurely life with his wife enjoying his extended family.He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire.They could get by.

The employer was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor.The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work.He resorted to(采用) poor workmanship(工艺,手艺) and used inferior(低劣的) materials.It was an unfortunate way to end a dedicated career.

When the carpenter finished his work, the employer came to inspect the house.He handed the front-door key to the carpenter."This is your house," he said, "my gift to you."

The carpenter was shocked! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括短文的要点;

2.以约120个词在这个故事内容的基础上展开讨论并包括以下内容:

(1)    今天的付出和明天的收获之间的关系;

(2)    构筑房屋和构建生活之间的关系;

(3)    对你的议论进行总结。

[写作要求]

1.   作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,

但不得直接原文抄袭。

2.   题目自拟。

[评分标准]          概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。