一般资料：求助者，女性，32岁，机关公务员。
案例介绍：求助者主诉，半年前发现丈夫手机里有暧昧的短信。他非常震惊，从没想到过丈夫会出轨。她对家庭很满意，儿子已上学，家里生活衣食无忧，自己有房有车，工作也稳定，她怎么也不敢相信自己的丈夫会和别的女人好上，心中痛苦万分。
她想到了离婚可又割舍不下这个家，不离婚又不能容忍丈夫对自己的背叛，她在矛盾的煎熬中度日如年，无心做家务，整日忧心忡忡，失眠，心口像有一块石头一样压着喘不过气来。同事都很关切地问她是否身体不舒服，她觉得他们都虚情假意，连结发夫妻都能背叛自己，她还能相信别人吗？她觉得生活欺骗了她，活着很没意思，打不起精神，不愿下楼，不愿见人，不想上班，对什么都没兴趣。明明知道不该这样，可就是控制不住，为此前来咨询。
心理咨询师观察了解到的情况：求助者性格内向，追求完美。与丈夫是初恋。从小受家庭传统教育的影响。
本案例中评价咨询效果的指标包括（）。
A、建立合理观念
B、心理测验结果
C、掌握交流技巧
D、咨询师的观察
参考答案：B, D
Passage Two
| Although the American civilization took over and replaced the frontier over a century ago, the heritage of the frontier is still evident in the United States today. Many people are still fascinated by the frontier because it has been particularly important in shaping American values. For many years, the frontier experience was romanticized in popular movies and television shows that featured cowboy heroes fighting Indian villains. Little attention was given to the tragic story of what really happened to Native Americans. Today, most Americans are more aware of the darker side of the settling of the continent, when thousands of Native American Indians were killed, their lands were taken, and much of their culture was destroyed. The American frontier consists of the relatively unsettled regions of the United States, usually found in the western part of the country. Here, both land and life were more rugged and primitive than in the more settled eastern part. As one frontier area was settled, people began moving farther west into the next unsettled area, sweeping aside the Native Americans as they went. By settling one frontier area after another, Americans moved across an entire continent, 2 700 miles wide. They came to believe that it was their destiny to control all the land, and eventually they did. The Native Americans were given small portions of land called reservations to control, but the United States government broke many promises and created much misery for the Indian nations. Recently, Americans have come to a more balanced view of the settling of the West. However, many Americans still see many aspects of the frontier, its people and their beliefs, as good, inspiring examples of traditional American values in their original and purest form. How did the frontier movement, which lasted more than two centuries, help to shape these basic American values To be sure, the frontier provided many inspiring examples of hard work as forests were turned into towns, and towns into large cities. The competitive race for success was rarely more colorful or adventurous than on the western frontier. Individualism, self-reliance, and equality of opportunity have perhaps been the values most closely associated with the frontier heritage of America. Throughout their history, Americans have tended to view the frontier settler as the model of the free individual. In the United States, where freedom from outside social controls has traditionally been valued, the frontier has been idealized, and it still serves as a basis for a nostalgic view of the early United States, a simpler time that was lost when the country became urbanized and more complex. |
The main idea of the passage is ______ .
A．the miserable life of Native American Indians
B．the loss of the frontier, a simpler time
C．the impact of the frontier on American values
D．the dark side of the settling of the frontier