问题 问答题 简答题

试从认识主体的含义和特征,阐述在我国社会主义改革开放和现代化建设事业中怎样不断增强主体认识能力。

答案

参考答案:

(1)认识的主体是处于一定社会关系之中从事一定实践活动的人。作为认识主体的人具有自然性、社会性和意识性的特征。

(2)认识主体是社会地、历史地形成的。当代社会生活的急速变化,使主体在认识中的地位和作用问题日益突现出来。我国社会主义改革开放和现代化建设事业是一场新的革命,迫切需要增强主体认识能力,同时也为主体认识能力的增强提供了广阔的社会条件。

(3)在社会主义的改革开放和现代化建设事业中,不断增强主体能力,就要解放思想,实事求是,不断更新观念,积极参加社会实践,拓展自己实践活动的广度和深度;全面改善人的素质,充分调动和发挥人的各方面潜能;以恰当的方式把个人与他人及社会结合起来,使个人主体上升为社会主体,突破个体的局限性;改造主观世界,树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,掌握科学的思维方法。

解析:

[命题出处] 《马克思主义基本原理》:认识的主体及其形成和发展。现属于《马克思主义哲学原理》第四章。 [思路剖析] 认识的目的、内容、发展水平以及认识向实践的转化都离不开主体的能动作用。推动这个问题深入研究的原因,是在现代科学技术革命和我国改革开放、现代化建设事业中,主体的创造能动性的意义与作用的增长。该题的解答,首先应从解释认识主体的含义、特征入手;其次,简述认识主体的形成及增强认识主体能力的现实意义;第三,结合改革开放实践的要求,分析增强认识主体能力的基本途径。有的考生未能完整回答,或者离开论题随意发挥。 [必背考点] 认识的主体及其相关内容。 [应试对策] 主体和客体的范畴是认识论的中心范畴,认识主体问题是当时哲学界的热点之一。解答问题必须明确什么是认识的主体,认识主体的基本特征等基本问题,否则就难以起笔。就本题而言,在回答认识主体及其特征之后,对认识主体的形成、增强认识主体能力的现实意义及途径等问题要进行进一步的阐述。

阅读理解

In 1963,former Senator Gaylord Nelson began to worry about our planet (A senator is a person that the people of the United States have chosen to help make the laws.). Senator Nelson knew that our world was getting dirty and that many of our plants and animals were dying .He wondered why most people weren’t trying to solve these problems. He talked to other lawmakers and to the President. They decided that the President would go around the country and tell people about these concerns(关系重大之事). He did, but still not enough people were working on the problem.

Then, in 1969, Senator Nelson had another idea. He decided to have a special day to teach everyone about the things that needed changing in our environment .He wrote letters to all of the colleges and put a special article in Scholastic Magazine to tell them about the special day he had planned (Most of the schools got this magazine) and he knew that kids would help him.

On April 22,1970, the first Earth Day was held .People all over the country made promises to help the environment. Everyone got involved and since then, Earth Day has spread all over the planet. People all over the world know that there are problems we need to work on and this is our special day to look at the planet and see what needs changing. Isn’t it great? One person had an idea and kept working until everyone began working together to solve it. See what happens when people care about our world?

小题1:The passage mainly talks about _________.

A.the importance of Earth Day

B.the person who planned the Earth Day

C.the history of Earth Day

D.the first Earth Day小题2:Why did Senator Gaylord Nelson worry about our planet?_________

A.The world was getting dirty.

B.Many plants and animals were dying.

C.Few people cared about the earth.

D.All of the above.小题3:From the text, we know that _________ helped him most .

A.the president

B.the other lawmakers

C.the colleges

D.the students小题4:It took Nelson ______ years to get the people pay much attention to the earth.

A.10

B.7

C.6

D.1

单项选择题