For more than two centuries, American’s colleges and universities have been the backbone of the country’s progress. They have educated the technical, managerial, (1) and provided generation after generation of national leaders. Today educators from around the globe are turning to U. S. institutions of higher learning (2) . They are apt to find many reasons for the excellence of American universities, but (3) stand out as watersheds:
Education (4) : In 1862 Congress enacted the Land-Grant College Act, which essentially extended the opportunity of higher education (5) , including such disenfranchised groups as women and minorities. Each state was permitted to sell large tracts of (6) and use the proceeds to endow at least one public college.
(7) : Over the years, the decentralization and diversity of the America’s colleges and universities have promoted competition for students and resources. Competitive pressure first arose (8) . The academy’s impact really grew after World War II, when (9) commissioned by President Roosevelt argued that it was the federal government’s responsibility to (10) for basic research. Instead of being centralized in government laboratories, scientific research (11) in American universities and generated increasing investment. It also gave graduate students research opportunities and helped (12) far and wide, to the benefit of industry, medicine and society as a whole.
(13) : The end of the World War II saw passage of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944. The law, which provided for (14) for returning veterans, made an already democratic higher-education system accessible in ways that were (15) in Europe, opening the doors of the best universities to men and women who had (16) of going to college.
(17) : The creation of federal loan guarantees and subsidy programs, as well as outright grants for college students brought (18) to higher education and further helped to democratize access. Since its founding (19) , the Federal Family Education Loan Program has funded more than 74 million student loans worth more than (20) .

气候地貌学是研究不同气候条件下的地貌形成过程及其演变规律的学科，是地貌学的一个重要分支。气候地貌学主要研究各种反映气候地貌成因的物理、化学和生物等因素；研究在不同气候条件下各种地貌的发育过程。
根据上述定义，下列不属于气候地貌学研究范围的是()。

A．如何给全球划分寒冷区、中纬度森林区、干旱区与湿热区

B．冰川区、荒漠区为什么只出现在一定的气候区内

C．中纬度森林区地貌塑造过程的特点

D．地球形成以来各个时期以及未来的气候特征和变化规律