问题 推断题

(5分)如图A~G是初中化学常见的物质,其中A为黑色固体,E为红色固体单质,B、C、D均为无色气体,F为石灰石的主要成分,G为蓝色溶液,请根据下图回答下列问题:

(1)G溶液溶质的化学式             

(2)反应③的化学方程式                                          

(3)反应④的化学方程式                                           

答案

(1)CuSO4

(2)Fe + CuSO4 =" Cu" + GeSO4

(3)CO2 +Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3↓+H2O

分析:本题的突破口是G和E,根据G是蓝色溶液,可推出是硫酸铜溶液,E是红色单质为铜;依此结合题中信息可推出A是氧化铜,根据B是气体,回忆“气体+氧化铜→铜”的反应,可知B是氢气或CO,结合F是石灰石可得出B是CO.

解:E为红色固体单质,可得出E是Cu;G为蓝色溶液,可推出G是CuSO4溶液,

所以反应③发生的反应为Fe+CuSO4═Cu+FeSO4

根据“黑色固体A+B(是气体)Cu”,回忆所学知识可得出A是氧化铜,B是氢气或CO;

根据“F为石灰石的主要成分”得出F为碳酸钙;根据元素守恒可推出B是CO,CO点燃生成D是CO2

所以D→F的反应为CO2+Ca(OH)2═CaCO3↓+H2O

故答案为:(1)CuSO4

(2)Fe+CuSO4═Cu+FeSO4

(3)CO2+Ca(OH)2═CaCO3↓+H2O

点评:框图推断题,推断过程固然重要,要求对元素化合物之间的反应原理和反应现象十分熟悉,才能快速确定未知物成分,但是最终考查的多少化学用语的书写,所以平时训练必须加大对化学用语的练习,才能最终提高成绩.

阅读理解

阅读下面短文,短文后各有五个理解性的题目,在各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项.

    Chinese basketball player Wang Zhizhi returned home from the United States on the morning of April

10th after he had been expelled(除名)from the national team for four years.

    "It has been a long time. I am so glad to be coming back home," Wang told a CCTV reporter.

    Wang, the first Chinese to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA) when he joined the Dallas  in 2001, was welcomed by the Chinese basketball officials at he Beijing International Airport that morning.

    "I realized I had made a big mistake (for refusing to return when he was needed). I want to say sorry to my fans and to the Bayi team which trained me and gave me the chance to play in this time and win back

my place in the national team." Wang went on.

    "Wang Zhizhi won't play in the final competition of the CBA (Chinese Basketball Association) Because  he didn't register(注册)," said Zhang Bing, who works with the Bayi team.

1. Wang Zhizhi hasn't been a member of the national team ___________ .

A. for four years

B. since April 10

C. since 2001

D. for 5 years

2. Wang Zhizhi says sorry to his fans and the Bayi team because _________ .

A. he refused to return when he was needed

B. he left the Bayi team for America

C. he didn't play well when he was in China

D. Dallas didn't want to keep him

3. In this passage, "make up my fault" means ___________ in Chinese.

A. 表现出色

B. 弥补过失

C. 珍惜机会

D. 得到谅解

4. From the passage we know that _________.

A. Wang Zhizhi was not welcomed in Beijing

B. Wang Zhizhi was a reporter on sports before

C. every player must register before he plays in the competition of the CBA

D. the Chinese basketball officials didn't want Wang Zhizhi to come back home

5. Which is the test title for this passage?

A. Wang Zhizhi Feels Sorry

B. Wang Zhizhi in the Bayi Team

C. Wang Zhizhi Returns Home

D. Wang Zhizhi in the United States

单项选择题