问题 问答题 简答题

简述20世纪西方文学的基本主题。

答案

参考答案:

纵观20世纪西方文学的整体构成,可以看出,它主要表现了以下一些基本的文学主题。

(1)20世纪西方文学表现了对世界荒诞现实的认识和对暴力世界的恐惧与厌恶,深刻揭示了西方社会以“荒诞”和“混乱”为特征的历史文化本质,形成了对人所生存的世界境况的独特理解。

(2)强调人的自我意识,力图揭示在荒诞的境遇中人的本质特征和真实所在,也是20世纪文学的基本主题之一。

(3)20世纪的作家在揭示世纪荒诞和内心荒诞状况的同时,还对这一境遇下的人的精神风貌进行了探索,从而在人与物对峙的状况中完成对人的现代理解。

(4)搭建各种文化的共同话语空间,寻找新的精神家园,追求既能保证人的个人价值的实现,同时又能实现人类普世价值的理想境界,也成为今天西方文学的基本主题之一。

完形填空
It was a lazy morning during the Christmas week. We were enjoying breakfast when the doorbell rang. It was a little girl, standing at the doorway with a piece of paper and a face that carried an expression of want, rather a common     1   during Christmas.
She murmured that the paper was her booklist and that she was going around     2   money to buy her schoolbooks. My children went inside and brought some     3    for her. This kind of incident happens very often in my hometown,     4    during Christmas.
From where I was seated, I could see her clearly. She looked about ten years old and she wore a dress too big for her. She spoke in a     5    voice and looked at me straight in the eye. Something made me get up and     6    her.
In answer to my questions, she said that her mother made hoppers and she     7    them before going to school. But the hopper money was not adequate to     8    the list; therefore, she was going from house to house asking for help.
Her voice told me the story; her eyes told me that it was     9    . I said I'd buy her what was on the list.
We drove to a nearby bookstore. She sat    10   , with a strange look on her face. When the clerk was taking all the things on the list, the little girl kept staring as if confused. Perhaps she had never    11   so many new things before. They were merely exercise books, pencils, pens and such things. She whispered her    12   to us. Strange, I hadn't been aware that giving such   13        things to one in need, could bring me such a lot of happiness.
As we drove back, I could see the little girl in the mirror. All the gifts I had given in my life never   14   up a face so much. She was grasping the parcel, smiling to herself. The total event made us all very    15   . Our Christmas became more meaningful.
小题1:
A.problem B.sightC.momentD.experience
小题2:
A.borrowingB.receivingC.beggingD.lending
小题3:
A.clothes B.booksC.food D.coins
小题4:
A.absolutelyB.casually C.especiallyD.hardly
小题5:
A.strange B.politeC.seriousD.loud
小题6:
A.care forB.speak to C.smile at D.hold to
小题7:
A.soldB.neededC.collectedD.used
小题8:
A.buy B.make C.coverD.control
小题9:
A.painful B.true C.movingD.interesting
小题10:
A.happilyB.eagerlyC.anxiouslyD.silently
小题11:
A.possessedB.boughtC.seen D.accepted
小题12:
A.surpr iseB.satisfactionC.thanksD.pleasure
小题13:
A.simple B.wonderfulC.expensiveD.useful
小题14:
A.litB.made C.putD.shut
小题15:
A.confusedB.delightedC.amazedD.relieved
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