问题 单项选择题

震颤麻痹患者常有

A.肌张力降低
B.肌张力增强
C.肌张力先增强后降低
D.肌张力先降低后增强

答案

参考答案:B

解析:①小脑对调节肌紧张、维持姿势、协调和形成随意运动均起主要作用。小脑分为前庭小脑、脊髓小脑和皮层小脑三个功能部分。脊髓小脑对肌张力的调节具有抑制和易化双重作用。在进化过程中,小脑抑制肌紧张的作用逐渐减退,而易化作用逐渐增强,所以脊髓小脑损伤后常表现为肌张力降低、四肢乏力等。②震颤麻痹也称帕金森病,主要病因是黑质细胞的多巴胺能系统受损,使脑内多巴胺含量下降,对ACh能系统的抑制作用减弱,机体出现ACh递质亢进的症状。临床上表现为全身肌张力增高、肌肉强直、随意运动减少、动作迟缓、表情呆板。

多项选择题
单项选择题

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (91) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (92) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (93) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (94) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (95) as a rejection of middle, class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (96) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (97) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (98) to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (99) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (100) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (101) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (102) lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also (103) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (104) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (105) was common in the traditional family (106) . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (107) causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (108) of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (109) of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (110) a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

A.system

B.structure

C.concept

D.heritage