Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (91) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (92) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (93) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (94) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (95) as a rejection of middle, class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (96) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (97) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (98) to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (99) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (100) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (101) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (102) lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also (103) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (104) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (105) was common in the traditional family (106) . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (107) causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (108) of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (109) of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (110) a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
A．system
B．structure
C．concept
D．heritage
参考答案：B
解析： 本题要求判断family后接什么中心名词。此题有几个线索，第一个线索在上一题中也提到，即空格所在句子中的比较级。从中可分析出：the traditional family (106) families consist of one-parent households or two working parents是相对照的，后者为现代家庭的组成方式即结构，那么前者空格处也应相应地填入一个表“结构”含义的词。第二个线索离得比较远，第三段首句提到changes in the social structure，接下来依次提到changes in the economy和families have also experienced changes，因此后面两个变化是第一个变化的分述，即从社会结构谈到经济结构和家庭结构，而且后面提到的“单亲和双职工家庭”等也确实是在谈论家庭结构问题，因此空格处应填入这个不止一次出现的关键词structure。