问题 问答题 简答题

简述我国医学心理学工作者对于健康和疾病的观点。

答案

参考答案:

①人是一个完整的整体的观点。正常人体,是一个完整的大系统,在神经内分泌免疫网络的协调下,全身的各系统、器官、组织、细胞在有序、协调地运转,维持着生命活动的正常进行。在病理情况下,一个器官的病变必然会影响到其他器官或系统,甚至会影响到全身。②心身统一的观点。一个完整的个体应包括心身两个部分,两者是互相联系的。心理活动影响生理功能,反过来,生理活动也影响心理功能,因此在考虑个体的健康和疾病时,应同时注意心身两方面的影响。③社会对个体影响的观点。人不仅是生物的人,而且也是一个社会的人。因此,在研究个体的健康和疾病时,不仅要注意其所处的自然环境、而且还要注意社会环境。④认知与自我评价作用的观点。社会因素能否影响健康或导致疾病,不但取决于社会因素的性质和意义,而且更主要的是取决于个体对外界刺激的察觉与认知和评价。⑤主动适应和调节的观点。人作为一个整体要对社会自然外环境以及机体内环境随时主动适应和调节,保持与外界的动态平衡,以促进健康、抵御疾病。

选择题
单项选择题

Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and human feeling. (1) of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless (2) on God’s earth. What we should (3) at producing is men who (4) both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start (5) , and their culture will lead them as (6) as philosophy and as high as (7) We have to remember that the valuable (8) development is self-development, and that it (9) takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve.

In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must (10) of what I will call "inert ideas"—— that is to say, ideas that are merely (11) into the mind without being (12) , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations.

In the history of education, the most (13) phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a (14) generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overlade with inert ideas. Except at (15) intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically (16) with inert ideas. That is the reason why (17) clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible (18) of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity (19) greatness has been a (20) protest against inert ideas.

20()

A.violent

B.passionate

C.exempt

D.idealistic