问题 单项选择题

Children’s literature traces its beginnings to preliterate times, when ancient storytellers passed tales and legends from generation to generation in the oral tradition. William Caxton, who established England’s first printing press, published books of etiquette, fables and legends. However, these didn’t constitute a body of work that could be considered literature for children. Because children at that time were considered "miniature adults", books were didactic in nature. The content for young readers consisted mainly of religious instruction, rules of behavior, ethical messages, and moral platitudes. In 1774, Englishman John Newberry changed children’s publishing when he began to create books with attractive formats, quality illustrations, and sturdy bindings, that were designed primarily for children to enjoy. The oldest, and most prestigious award given for children’s books published in America, is the Newberry Medal.
In the following century, children’s literature began to bloom. Hans Christian Andersen’s wonderful stories like "The Ugly Duckling", and "The Little Mermaid", and Grimm brothers collected two volumes of German folktales that included stories such as "Snow White" and "Rumpelstiltskin". Childhood came to be recognized as a joyful and carefree period of life, and books celebrating it began to be published. Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carrol) wrote the fantasy "Alice in Wonderland", the first book that was intended purely for children’s enjoyment without any pretense of instruction. Edwards Lear’s books of nonsense poetry delighted both young and old readers. In North America, books for a young audience were becoming popular as well. Kate Douglas Wiggin wrote "Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm", Louisa May Alcott wrote "Little Women", and Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) created Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. By the end of the century, the pious and moralistic books of earlier times had been replaced by writing designed to amuse and entertain a young audience. In the 1800s color printing was introduced, and by the middle of the 19th century, the rough illustrations that characterized earlier children’s books had been replaced by works of art that captured the word and some of the story.

Who wrote "Little Women"

A.Charles Dodgson.

B.Edwards Lear.

C.Samuel Clemens.

D.Louisa May Alcott.

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

[分析]: 细节题型 见文章第二段第十一行:Louisa May Alcott wrote“Little Women”,因此D为答案。

填空题

(14分)阅读讨论并完成以下各项内容:

SO2是常见的大气污染物之一,我国规定空气中SO2含量不得超过0.02 mg/L。

(1)酸雨是降水呈酸性(pH小于5.6)的统称,个别地方甚至低于2.1(食醋的pH=3)。引起酸雨的罪魁祸首是大气中的SO2和氮的氧化物。它们的主要来源是煤和石油的燃烧,全世界每年排放1.5亿吨的SO2

①SO2可在空气中受光照等因素作用而被氧化,最终与雨水形成硫酸型酸雨。试写出这两个化学反应的方程式

________________________________________________________________________;

________________________________________________________________________。

②汽车排放的尾气、硝酸厂和化肥厂的废气中都含有氮的氧化物,全世界每年排放量约为5×107 kg。NO2溶于水生成  ________和NO。

③酸雨可导致的危害有________(填序号)。

A.腐蚀建筑物                                          B.导致树木枯萎

C.造成洪涝灾害                                          D.恶化人类环境

④为了减少酸雨的形成,必须减少SO2的排放量,对燃料中的硫化物进行________,对废气中的氮的氧化物用________吸收。

(2)某化学兴趣小组选用下图实验装置,测定工业原料气(含SO2、N2、O2)中SO2的含量(已知碘能氧化H2SO3,生成H2SO4)。

①若原料气从左向右流时,上述装置连接的顺序是:原料气→________(用字母和箭头表示)。

②装置②中发生反应的离子方程式为:

________________________________________________________________________;

当装置②中出现________现象时,立即停止通气。

③你认为下列试剂中,可以用来代替试管中的碘的淀粉溶液的是________。

A.酸性KMnO4溶液  B.NaOH溶液

C.溴水  D.氨水

单项选择题