问题 填空题

如图所示的三条曲线分别表示不同的食物成分在消化道中各部位(依次用①、②、③、④、⑤表示)被消化的程度.请据图回答:

(1)蛋白质在消化道中开始进行化学消化的部位是[______]______([]内填标号,横线上填名称,以下同);蛋白质被消化成______才能被吸收.

(2)人的胆囊被切除后,食物中______(填“甲”、“乙”、“丙”)的消化会受到较大的影响.

(3)人体吸收营养物质的主要部位是[______]______,与其功能相适应的内壁结构特点是______.

答案

营养物质进入消化道的先后顺序是:口腔、咽、食道、胃、小肠、大肠和肛门,其中具有消化功能的器官是口腔、胃、小肠.淀粉在口腔内就开始消化,蛋白质在胃内开始消化,脂肪只能在小肠内消化.从图中可以看出,物质甲最先被消化,然后是物质乙被消化,最后是丙被消化,可以判断甲是淀粉,乙代表蛋白质,丙代表脂肪.

(1)蛋白质的消化是从胃开始的,当食物中的蛋白质进入胃以后,在胃液的作用下进行初步消化后进入小肠,小肠里的胰液和肠液含有消化糖类、脂肪和蛋白质的酶,在这些酶的作用下,蛋白质被彻底消化为氨基酸.

(2)丙代表脂肪.胆囊的主要功能是贮存胆汁,胆汁是由人体最大的消化腺肝脏分泌的,参与脂肪的消化.胆汁中虽然不含有消化酶,但能够将脂肪乳化成脂肪微粒,扩大脂肪微粒与消化酶的接触面积.人的胆囊切除后,食物中的脂肪的消化会受到较大影响.

(3)④段消化道表示小肠,小肠约长约5~6m,小肠内壁有环形皱襞,皱襞上有小肠绒毛,增大了吸收营养物质的面积;小肠绒毛内有毛细血管和毛细淋巴管,绒毛壁、毛细血管壁、毛细淋巴管壁都是由一层上皮细胞构成的,有利于营养物质被吸收进入小肠内壁的毛细血管和毛细淋巴管中.这些特点都有利于营养物质的吸收;

故答案为:(1)③胃;氨基酸;

(2)丙;

(3)④小肠;小肠内壁有环形皱襞,皱襞上有小肠绒毛.

阅读理解

阅读理解。根据短文内容,判断下列各句正(T)、误 (F)

  The World Cup has been on for some days in South Africa. It's said that

more than 2. 2 billion people are watching the World Cup. People fly their

national flags, wear football shirts and talk about the exciting games. Also

different people have their own ways to enjoy the games.

  Adam, a football fan, likes going to the bar to watch the games with his

friends. They can chat and drink during some of the less important games.

Sometimes he meets many for eigners in the bar. They like to sing songs happily,

or even dance when a player scores a goal (迸球得分).

  Ivan, a university student, enjoys watching online. He says it's hard to get

together with friends on weekdays, so watching online is really a good way to

enjoy the World Cup.

  A girl called Janet often watches the games at home with her family. She

said, "In the bar, you always meet people who support different teams, so it can

be embarrassing. "She thinks the most important thing is that she feels

comfortable while watching at home. She can sit any way she likes.

  The World Cup makes people excited and relaxed. No matter in what way

you watch it, just enjoy soccer, just enjoy yourself !

( )1. It's said that over 2. 2 billion people are watching the World Cup.

( )2. Adam likes watching the games with his friends in the bar.

( )3. It's a good way for Ivan to watch the World Cup online.

( )4. Janet often watches the games at home alone.

( )5. A1l the people enjoy the World Cup in the same way.

填空题