问题 实验题

(1)如图所示的实验中所使用的仪器是 U形管压强计 ,它的用途是 测量液体的压强 ,它的原理是金属盒受到的压强越大,U形管中液面的 高度差 也越大.

(2)由甲图中所示的实验过程可以得到的结论是 在同一液体中,同一深度朝各个方向的压强相等 

(3)由乙图中所示的实验过程可以得到的结论是 在同一液体中,深度越大,液体压强越大 

(4)由丙图中所示的实验过程可以得到的结论是 在同一深度,液体密度越大,液体压强越大 

答案

(1)U形管压强计;测量液体的压强;高度差;

(2)在同一液体中,同一深度朝各个方向的压强相等.

(3)在同一液体中,深度越大,液体压强越大.

(4)在同一深度,液体密度越大,液体压强越大.

题目分析:(1)U形压强计就是测量液体内部压强的仪器;其中是用探头来感受压强的,压强的大小是通过U形管左右两管中的液面高度差来体现出来的,液面高度差越大,表示探头处受到的液体压强也就越大.

(2)液体压强的特点:

①液体内部朝各个方向都有压强,在同一深度,液体向各个方向的压强相等;

②液体的压强随深度的增加而增大;

③不同液体的压强还跟密度有关,深度一定时,液体的密度越大,压强越大.

解:(1)如图所示的实验中所使用的仪器是U形管压强计,它的用途是测量液体的压强,它的原理是金属盒受到的压强越大,U形管中液面的高度差也越大.

(2)根据图甲可知,同种液体,同一深度,U形管内液体高度差相等,故可得出:在同一液体中,同一深度朝各个方向的压强相等.

(3)根据图乙可知,同一液体,深度越大,U形管内液体高度差越大,故可得出:在同一液体中,深度越大,液体压强越大.

(4)根据图丙可知,不同液体,深度相同,U形管内液体高度差不相等,故可得出:在同一深度,液体密度越大,液体压强越大.

故答案为:(1)U形管压强计;测量液体的压强;高度差;

(2)在同一液体中,同一深度朝各个方向的压强相等.

(3)在同一液体中,深度越大,液体压强越大.

(4)在同一深度,液体密度越大,液体压强越大.

点评:液体压强的规律是液体压强中最基础的知识,也是比较重要的内容,一直是中考考查的热点.

完形填空
Cloze.
     The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their "pleases"
and "thank you". Even the simplest business such as buying a train ticket requires   1   seven or eight of these.
Another   2   of our good manners is the queue. New-comers to Britain could be forgiven for thinking that
queuing rather than football was the   3   national sport. Finally, of course, motorists generally stop at crossings.
But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more polite than their European neighbours?
I think not.
     Take forms of address (称呼) for example. The average English person-  4   he happens to work in a hotel
or department store-would rather die than call a stranger "Sir" or "Madam". Yet in some European countries this
is the most basic of common address. Our   5   "you" for everyone may appear more democratic, but it means
that we are forced to seek out complicated ways to express   6  . I am all for returning to the use of "thee" and
"thou" (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for "you"); "you" would be   7   for strangers and
professional relationships.
     And of course, the English find touching and other shows of friendship truly terrifying. Have you noticed
how the British   8   ever touch? Personally, I find the Latin habit of shaking hands or a friendly kiss quite
charming. Try kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror ; or,
if their escape is   9  , you will find your lips touching the back of their head. Now what could be  10  than that?
( )1.A. at least  
( )2.A. signal   
( )3.A. true      
( )4.A. if       
( )5.A. universal
( )6.A. politeness
( )7.A. ordered  
( )8.A. highly   
( )9.A. confirmed  
( )10.A. better  
B. at most   
B. scene     
B. original  
B. whether   
B. unique   
B. gratitude  
B. reserved  
B. mostly   
B. assured       
B. ruder     
C. less than   
C. sign       
C. superior   
C. when       
C. regular     
C. democracy   
C. offered     
C. hardly     
C. jammed     
C. more polite  
D. not more than      
D. sight              
D. advanced           
D. unless             
D. normal             
D. consideration      
D. stocked            
D. nearly             
D. blocked            
D. more frightening             
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