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藏在木桩中的椅子

张丽钧

①那天,我正看一个挑战类的电视节目。当一个叫卡尔布的德国人登场的时候,我丢掉了手里的家务。

②那是个大块头的家伙,拎着一把红色的电锯,慢吞吞地出场了。他要表演的是,用不超过l50秒钟的时间,将一截木桩制作成一个可以承受他自身重量的小椅子。

③木桩是普通的木桩,跟扔在我家后院的一截木桩没啥两样。

④我看见卡尔布将木桩竖了起来,然后朝主持人晃了一下电锯,示意准备好了。于是,计时开始。

⑤卡尔布娴熟地使用着电锯。笨重的身体一点也不妨碍他灵活的手。电锯与木桩亲密接触,嗡嗡的响声中,被淘汰的边角料一块块应声坠地。一时问,我根本看不出卡尔布究竟是在做椅子的哪一部分,只看到屏幕左下角的电子计时嚣在不停地跳字。两个主持人忘记了解说,只管前倾了身子、张大了嘴巴,呆呆地看看卡尔布的精彩表演。到了后来,连边角料都看不到掉下来了。卡尔布的电锯用他自己才能听懂的语言说着轻重深浅。在我眼中,卡尔布不像是在做木匠活,倒像是在进行一场“行为艺术秀”。

⑥观众一片欢呼!卡尔布从木桩的顶端拿出了一个精致的小椅子——用时仅仅95秒钟!

⑦卡尔布得意地将那个靠背上带有镂空花饰的小椅子放在地上,然后,单脚悬空站了上去。演播大厅又是一片欢呼。

⑧我多么喜欢那个瞬间诞生的速你椅子啊!我设想着如果把它稍稍打磨一下,刷上清漆,上面再安放一个花儿一样的孩童,那将是一件多么美妙的事情!

⑨不由想到我圆宋代那个画竹高手文与可,他画竹的秘诀是,先让竹子在胸中长出个样儿来。再按那胸中的样儿将竹子搬到纸上。我想,对卡尔布而言,又何尝不是先在胸中制成了一把现成的椅子呢?那个小椅子原本就是藏在木桩里了,卡尔布只是花费了95秒钟的时间,将它从木桩中“找”了出来。   

⑩在尘世间,“创造”这东西永远是最迷人的。颖慧的心,灵巧的手,常能对凡庸的事物做出非凡的解读。没看卡尔布表演前,我只会将我家后院的木桩叫做木桩它们呆头呆脑,只不过是木头一截、一截木头;看了卡尔布表演之后,我看那些木桩时的眼神倏地变了!我设想那庸常的木桩里面正藏着一批精美的迷你椅子,只待一把富有灵性的电锯一声轻唤,它们即会列队翩然而出!

⑾其实,又何止是木桩呢?被我们凡庸的眼与心怠慢了的事物尚有很多很多吧?山水里藏着画意,四季里藏着诗情,有谁,愿意带着激情将这旷古的画意与诗情从混沌的背景中解救出来。让它们以一种无比美好的姿态,恒久地存活于喧闹人间!                     (摘自《中华活页文选》2009年第11期)

小题1:.请概述卡尔布在电视节目中表演了一个什么绝活。(2分)

小题2:.作者那么喜欢“那个瞬间诞生的迷你椅子”,其根本原因是什么?(用原文回答)(2分)

小题3:.第⑨段讲到宋代画竹高手文与可的故事,这个故事后来演变成一个成语。这个成语是   _______。 文章引用这个故事的作用是                             

                             。(3分)

小题4:.品味第⑩段中加点的词,说说它们的表达效果。(2分)

小题5:.精巧玲珑的小椅子,藏在呆头呆脑的木桩里。请谈谈你从这则故事中获得的启示。(4分)

答案

小题1:(2分)用95秒钟的时间,将一截木桩制作成一个可以承受他自身重量的小椅子。

小题1:(2分)“创造”这东西永远是最迷人的,颖慧的心,灵巧的手,常能对凡府的事物做出非凡的解读。

小题1:(3分)胸有成竹 用大家熟知的故事,让读者更容易明白卡尔布获得成功的原因。

小题1:(2分)这些词语把木桩、椅子和电锯都拟人化了,形象生动地写出了创造力可以把庸常的“木桩”变成精美的“椅子”。(意思对即可)

小题1:(4分)本题是开放性试题,回答能扣住文本,清晰地阐释自已的观点,言之成理即可。示例:①生活中并不缺少美,而是缺少发现美的眼睛。生活因我们的熟视无睹而变得平庸。我们若能时时以新鲜的目光和灵动的心去看待平凡的生活,勤于实践,勇于创造,生活就会充满诗情与画意。②如果我们在做每一件事之前,能做好充分的准备工作,先用心观察、研究,考虑成熟之后再实施,成功的几率就更大,也就会把事情做得更完美。

小题1:.请概述卡尔布在电视节目中表演了一个什么绝活。

此题考查学生的综合概括能力,相对比较简单。用简洁的语言概括出来即可。

小题1:.作者那么喜欢“那个瞬间诞生的迷你椅子”,其根本原因是什么?(用原文回答)

此题是考查学生理解分析能力,问题的答案与问题是伴生的,就在上下句中,注意要求:用原文回答。

小题1:.第⑨段讲到宋代画竹高手文与可的故事,这个故事后来演变成一个成语。这个成语是   _______。 文章引用这个故事的作用是

此题考查学生的积累与运用,需要学生在课下多积累知识。利用学生都知道的成语故事,让学生明白卡尔布制作小椅子也有异曲同工之妙。

小题1:.品味第⑩段中加点的词,说说它们的表达效果。

此题考查学生对修辞方法“拟人”的作用,拟人的作用是可以使读者不仅对所表达的事物产生鲜明的印象,而且感受到作者对该事物的强烈感情,运用拟人表现喜爱的事物,可以把它写得栩栩如生,使人倍感亲切自然;表现憎恨的事物,可以把它写得丑态毕露,给人以强烈的厌恶感。夸张的作用是可以深刻地表现作者对事物的鲜明的感情态度,从而引起读者的强烈共鸣;通过对事物的形象渲染,可以引起人们丰富的想象,有利于突出事物的本质和特征。

结合文章具体分析。

小题1:.精巧玲珑的小椅子,藏在呆头呆脑的木桩里。请谈谈你从这则故事中获得的启示。

此题考查学生的创新能力。结合课文具体分析,答案不唯一,言之成理,言之成文即可。

阅读理解

C

If you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you don’t eat it? If you have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.

However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast ( the meal which “break” you “fast” ) to be the most important  meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor. However, many people skip breakfast or substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?

One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants(参加者) included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. The results showed that if a person eats an adequate(丰富的) breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently(效率高地) and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. The study showed that if school-children eat fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast is inadequate(不丰富).

The study also showed that contrary to what people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you want to lose weight, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will likely lose more weight if you decrease your other meals.

小题1: According to experts, breakfast is the most important meal of the day because _____.

A.a good breakfast breaks you down fast

B.you’ll lose weight quickly if you skip breakfast

C.breakfast provides what a person needs to work

D.after a long night, you’ll feel very hungry小题2:The underlined part “substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”(Para. 2) probably means _______.

A.to exchange a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal.

B.To drink a cup of coffee instead of a well balanced meal.

C.To change a cup of coffee into a well balanced meal.

D.To regard a cup of coffee as a well balanced meal.小题3:The example of school-children in para.3 shows that _______.

A.school-children will be quick and attentive all day if they eat breakfast

B.a proper breakfast will make mental workers more efficient

C.fruit, eggs, bread and milk are the best breakfast for mental workers

D.school-children who have breakfast are much brighter than those who don’t小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 4?

A.Some people skip breakfast because they want to be slimmer.

B.Most people who skip breakfast actually eat more for lunch.

C.People put on weight because they eat too much breakfast.

D.Skipping breakfast won’t help people who want to lose weight.小题5:The best title of the passage is _______.

A.How to Lose Weight

B.What’s a Healthy Diet

C.Surprising Results of a Study

D.Breakfast – A Meal That Breaks You Fast

单项选择题