问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成小题(28分)

茉莉橘子

①深秋极其短促的黄昏时分,夜色萧萧而下,女医生急着下班,门诊却转来了病人,是一位患白内障的老人,正由老妻搀扶着走来。

②女医生只草草问了几句,便开出住院通知单,起身说:“你跟我去病房。”并交代老太太,“到那边去交费。”

③老太太却不动,只微笑侧头,指指自己的耳朵。老人静静地开口:“医生,还是我和她一起去交费吧。我妻子,她听不见。”

④女医生错愕地抬头,猛然看见:老人一丝不苟的白发下,面容安详儒雅,瞳孔却灰蒙蒙的,黯淡无光,仿佛被废弃的矿坑。他的眼睛已经死了。

⑤他是盲的,而她,是聋的?

⑥乍看上去,他们竟如此平常,老人泰然闭目养神,老太太就无声地忙前忙后,一脸谦和的笑。午后,老太太坐在床沿上,一瓣瓣地剥开橘子,细细撕去盘络,轻轻递过去,老人总是适时地张开嘴接过。老太太目不转睛地看着老人咀嚼与吞咽,微笑着,自己也吃一瓣,再将下一瓣橘子送到老伴儿的嘴边。

⑦他不能看,她不能听,要怎样才能沟通交流,接下命运无穷的招数?一个巨大的谜团,由四只苍老的手拥满。女医生悟不透,终于有一次耐不住地问起,老人无光的眼中透出微微笑意:“以后你会明白的。”

⑧那以后,却也来得太过迅猛,以至于无从反应。一天,她看见老太太提着水瓶从水房蹒跚而出,刚想上前帮忙,却已有爆炸声,惊天动地,代替了她不被听见的呼喊。老太太扑倒——却仍努力地、艰难地用手摇晃着、比划着。

⑨没人懂得手语,却没人不懂得她的心意:                                                                

⑩女医生默默脱下白大褂,将纤纤素手在水龙头下洗了又洗,她要冲掉所有医院的气息,然后静静走向老人,坐在老太太惯坐的位置上,轻轻地,剥开橘子。橘瓣递到老人唇边的瞬间,他开了口:“她,我的妻子,怎么样了?要不要紧?”

⑾40年前,他便走上黑暗的不归路。那年攻关小组里几昼夜不眠不休后,眼前忽地一片血红,随即死一般漆黑。

⑿再醒来已在绷带背后,他没有通知乡下的父母,又独自躺在漆黑的小屋里,从不知黑暗的重量会这般地以万钧之势压下。22岁的大男孩终于哭了。

⒀忽然泛来淡淡茉莉花香,一双女性的手,正隔着纱布,轻轻地为他拭泪。他不禁动容,哑声问:“你是谁?”

⒁一无回音,却有什么软软的凉凉的东西抵着他的嘴唇,他惊疑地、机械地张开嘴,一瓣染着茉莉花香的橘子甘甜地喂到他嘴里……

⒂整整7天,没有声音,没有光,却有茉莉橘子日复一日,滋润他干枯的喉咙,这是黑暗国度里唯一的安慰与期待。只是,她为什从来不对他说一句话呢?绷带拆除的刹那,他的双目渴望地四处张望,喧哗的人群里却要到哪里才能觅到那一瓣清甜的茉莉橘子?

⒃却在无意间,他握到了她的手,嗅到她掌心淡淡的茉莉芳香。

⒄松开她的手,复又紧紧握住,然后拉到自己怀里,自然,握住一生不变的温柔。

⒅40年后,老人仍有同样坚毅的面容,令年轻的女医生肃然起敬。

小题1:.第④段画线句运用了       修辞手法,其表达效果是         (3分)

小题2:.是比较下列句子那一种表达更好?(3分)

A.他惊疑地、机械地张开嘴,一瓣染着茉莉花香的甘甜的橘子喂到他嘴里……

B.他惊疑地、机械地张开嘴,一瓣染着茉莉花香的橘子甘甜地喂到他嘴里……

小题3:.请写出女医生对老夫妻情感与态度的变化:

草草应对→          →为老人剥橘→          (4分)

小题4:.第⒅段画线句“40年后,老人仍有同样坚毅的面容,令年轻的女医生肃然起敬。”“老人的坚毅”既指                ;又指                  。(6分)

小题5:.对本文主旨理解最恰当的一项是          (4分)

A.表现老夫妻40年相依相守不离不弃的真挚的爱情。

B.赞美老夫妻如茉莉花散发的芳香般纯洁真挚的爱情。

C.写出女医生对老夫妻真挚深厚的爱情的赞美与感慨。

D.表达女医生对老夫妻患难相依共度难关的感动和钦佩。小题6:.文章第⑨段写道:“没人懂得手语,却没人不懂得她的心意。”你懂的老人的心意吗?请写出她此时的心理活动。(80字左右)(8分)

答案

小题1:(3分)比喻(1分) 生动形象地写出老人眼瞎的状况和对其不幸的同情。(2分)

小题1:(3分)B句好。(1分)因为“甘甜地喂到他嘴里”中“甘甜”更形象地表达了她喂他吃橘子时的浓浓爱意,也表现了他感受到的内心温暖。(2分)

小题1:(4分)没有悟透(2分)肃然起敬(2分)

小题1:(6分)既指他年轻时双目失明独自承受痛苦;(3分)又指他甘愿相伴照顾失聪的老伴一生一也。(3分)

小题1:(4分)B(4分)D(2分)A(l分)

小题1:(8分)(文章是这样写的:“请不要告诉他,请帮我照顾好他。”供参考。)将这2层意思(取一点也可)作适当的心理描写的扩展

选择题
阅读理解

(C)

Sometimes people recall past events differently from how they happened. Have you ever confused dates and events from your life, or people’s names? Don’t be too hard on yourself if this is the case; it happens to almost everyone. Every day, our brain processes an amazing amount of information. In fact, all our experiences are based on the way our brain interprets the information it receives from our senses. It is impossible to store all of this information, so some of it gets lost. The parts that remain make up our memories. All our thoughts and memories depend on the way our senses work, and we cannot always trust everything our senses tell us.

If you have ever tried to make your own short film on a digital camera, you will have noticed that the images you record are often blurry(模糊不清). To stop the same thing from happening when we see things with our own eyes, our brain is always filling in the blanks. Before our eyes can even focus on an object, our brain has created its own picture of it so that we can move smoothly from looking at one thing to another without the world looking strange. If we are moving quickly or are not focusing properly, our brain may not correctly guess what is around us.

Memory is the way we store the information that our senses have experienced. As we have discussed above, our senses do not always see things accurately, so our memory is just how we store our interpretations of these experiences. When our brain takes in new experiences, it uses the information we retrieve from our memory as a reference. This means that we often do not remember the details of things but just the important parts. When we look at something, we often do not really look closely at it, but we merely look at the different hints that help us indentify it.

This also happens with our hearing and speaking. It is natural for students of English to confuse the word “kitchen”, with the familiar word “chicken”. As the sounds are similar, the mind mistakenly identifies the new word with the one that is familiar. This is perhaps the most common reason why people make mistakes when they learn a new language. 

72. Sometimes things people remember are quite different from how they really happened because ______.

A. not all people are smart enough                            B. the main part of the information gets lost

C. people are too strict with themselves            D. information was processed incompletely

73. Taking the short film on a digital camera for an example, the author means _____.

A. images recorded by cameras could not be accurate

B. brain may form an imagery picture without reference

C. blurry pictures are caused by too fast camera movements

D. the process of vision is an interpretive construct by the brain

74. The underlined word “retrieve” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.

A. recall                    B. change            C. borrow                 D. differ

75. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE in terms of memory?

A. Memory is exactly what senses have experienced.

B. Memories are made up of the information remaining in minds.

C. Memory is the way to store information experienced by senses.

D. Memories sometimes can be obstacles to learning something new.