《史记·货殖列传》载：“《周书》曰：‘农不出则乏其食，工不出则乏其事，商不出则三宝绝。’财匮少则山泽不辟矣。此四者，民所衣食之原也。”司马迁认为
A．西周时期实行“工商食官”制度
B．秦汉行重农抑商政策
C．耕种、开采、加工、交换本末有别
D．农工皆本，经济民生
答案：D
题目分析：分析题干，材料的意思是：农民不生产出来粮食，食物就要匮乏，工匠不生产出器物，劳动与生活就要陷于困顿，商人不进行流通，那么粮食、器物、财富就要断绝，资源缺少，山泽就不能得到开发。这四者，是人们的衣食之源。由题干这些意思我们可以理解到，司马迁认为农工皆本，所以答案为D。
点评：此题难度较大，考查学生对古文材料的理解能力，要求学生能把材料放在当时的社会背景中考虑，解题关键是准确理解题干主旨。
| 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项。 |
| Australia is an island and it is a continent. It is the largest island in the world but it is the smallest continent. It is almost 7.7million sq. km. Compared with China, China is about 2 million sq. km. larger. Australia is in the south of the world. It lies between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The Indian Ocean is to the west and the south. The Pacific Ocean is to the east. Most of the western half of Australia is highland. But it is not very high, and the land is rather flat (平坦). High flat land is not called mountains. It is called Plateau. The west of Australia is called the Western-Australian Plateau. It is about 300 m high. There is high land in the east of Australia, too. Some of it is plateau and some of it is mountains. The highest mountain is in the southeast. It is called MT Kosciusko. It is 2228 m high. This high land in the east is sometimes called the Great Dividing Range. It has this name because it divides the east coast from the rest of the country. Between the Great Dividing Range and the western Australian Plateau the land is low. This part of the country is called the Central Lowlands. The only big river in Australia is the River Murray. It begins in the mountains in the southeast of the country and it runs westward into the Indian Ocean. |
| 1. Australia is . |
[ ] |
| A. a big island B. the largest one of the islands in the world C. a small island D. the largest one of the continents in the world |
| 2. Most of the western half of Australia is . |
[ ] |
| A. very high B. mountain C. flat land D. plateau |
| 3. MT Kosciusko is . |
[ ] |
| A. in the southeast B. in the west C. in the east D. plateau |
水在日常生活、工农业生产、科学研究领域有着重要及广泛的用途．
（1）从化学视角看水．从组成角度看，电解水实验证明了水由______组成；从微粒角度看，水由______（填“分子”、“原子”或“离子”）构成．
（2）水能参加许多化学反应．图是一种家用环保型消毒液发生器：原理是电解饱和氯化钠溶液，制得的消毒液有较强的杀菌能力，该反应是利用氯化钠和水在通电条件下生成氢氧化钠、氢气和氯气，该反应的化学方程式为______；从能量变化角度看，该反应中______转化为化学能．
（3）水是一种重要的溶剂．下表表示的是不同温度下4种盐在水中的溶解度．
| 10℃ | 20℃ | 30℃ | |
| NaCI | 35.8 | 36.0 | 36.3 |
| NH4HCO3 | 15.8 | 21.0 | 27．O |
| NaHCO3 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 11.1 |
| NH4Cl | 33.3 | 37.2 | 41.4 |
①上述4种盐中，30℃时溶解度最大的是______．
②10℃时将16.8gNH4HCO3固体放入100g水中充分溶解，所得溶液为______ （填“饱和”或“不饱和”）溶液．
③在20℃时，向含NH4HCO321g的饱和溶液中加入足量食盐．随着食盐的加入，能析出的晶体是______．
A．NH4HCO3 B．NH4Cl C．NaHCO3．
