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问题 问答题

已知有以下物质相互转化

试回答：

（1）写出B的化学式______，D的化学式______．

（2）写出由E转变成F的化学方程式______．

（3）写出鉴别G溶液中阳离子的实验方法______；向G溶液加入A的有关离子反应方程式______．

答案

白色沉淀E遇空气变成红褐色沉淀F，所以E为Fe（OH）2，F为Fe（OH）3，该变化的反应方程式是：4Fe（OH）2+O2+2H2O=4Fe（OH）3，红褐色沉淀F[Fe（OH）3]与盐酸反应：

Fe（OH）3+3HCl=FeCl3+3H2O，得到G溶液，所以，G为FeCl3；D溶液中加AgNO3溶液、稀HNO3，有白色沉淀H生成，所以H是AgCl，得到的溶液，焰色反应呈紫色（透过蓝色的钴玻），

溶液中含有k+离子，所以D溶液是KCl溶液；B溶液与C溶液反应生成Fe（OH）2和KCl，所以，B溶液与C溶液为FeCl2 溶液和KOH溶液，并且G溶液（FeCl3溶液）与A 反应到B，所以

B溶液为FeCl2 溶液，C溶液KOH溶液，A为Fe；

（1）由以上分析知，B是氯化亚铁，D是氯化钾，故答案为：FeCl2；KCl；

（2）由以上分析知E为Fe（OH）2，F为Fe（OH）3，故答案为：4Fe（OH）2+O2+2H2O=4Fe（OH）3；

（3）G溶液（FeCl3溶液）与A 反应为：Fe+2FeCl3=3FeCl2，离子方程式为：Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+．鉴别G溶液中阳离子（Fe3+）的方法较多，中学主要有①观察溶液呈黄色；②加碱有红褐色沉淀生成；③加KSCN溶液后溶液呈红色；④加苯酚呈紫色．一般常用KSCN溶液鉴别Fe3+，方法是：取少许G溶液于试管中，滴加KSCN溶液，溶液呈红色即可鉴别含Fe3+，

故答案为：取少许G溶液于试管中，滴加KSCN溶液，溶液呈红色；Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+．

阅读理解
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文后第76至第85小题的空格里填上适当的单词并将答案转写到答题卡上。
注意：每空仅填一个单词。
The ancient religions of the Greeks and Romans were based on myths. Originally the word meant “spoken words” or stories. Nowadays myths refer to tales without a kernel of truth, or fantasies.
In nearly every civilization people tried to control their surroundings and the things happening around them to make them less threatening. In prehistoric cultures myths were used to explain natural phenomena. Ancient civilizations saw the earth as the goddess because of its fertility. Other phenomena like wind, lightning and thunder also were brought into connection with supernatural forces. The people felt themselves surrounded by gods and completely dependent.
The Greek myths also originated in that manner, but had more functions. They also explained the beginning of the world and the origin of man. Furthermore, the myths kept alive the memories of the foundation of important cities as well as the heroic deeds of civilizations and individuals. The tales of heroes, human beings with often supernatural capacities, gave men examples of perfection. During the whole Classical Period people believed the myths, but over time they came to be taken less and less seriously.
During the Greek Period myths were spread by word of mouth. The singing of mythical events was an important aspect of religious ritual. Many singers traveled around and sang the tales they heard on their way.
The first collection of myths was the work of Homer. He was blind, and to survive he collected traditional stories and let them been written down by others. The books of his that we know are the Iliad and the Odyssey. The first author to write about the beginning of the world and its deities was Hesiod in the 18the century.
                            Title: 小题1:_____ of Myths
Meaning
小题2:________
They meant “spoken words” or traditional stories.
Nowadays
They meant something that people believe but which doesn’t 小题3:_____ or is false.
小题4:____ and Status
Prehistoric cultures
They were used to explain aspects of the natural world and supernatural phenomena.
People felt completely dependent on 小题5:_____.
Classical period
Besides explaining natural phenomena, they also
①explained how the world began and how the man came into 小题6:______;
②小题7:________ the foundation of important cities and good deeds;
③dealt with supernatural beings and heroes.
People believed in them but were not小题8:___ about them gradually.
Forms
Oral myths
They were usually sung in religious rituals or by 小题9:___ singers.
小题10:____ myths
The representative authors are Homer and Hesiod.
 
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A.当归

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C.狗脊

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E.鳖甲
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