问题 阅读理解与欣赏

任座直言

《资质通鉴》

魏文侯使乐羊伐中山,克之;以封其子击。文侯问于群臣曰:“我何如主?”皆曰:“仁君。”任座曰:“君得中山,不以封君之弟而以封君之子,何谓仁君!”文侯怒,任座趋出。次问翟璜,对曰:“仁君也。”文侯曰:“何以知之?”对曰:“臣闻君仁则臣直。向者任座之言直,臣是以知之。”文侯悦,使翟璜召任座而反之,亲下堂迎之以为上客。

【注释】①魏文侯:名魏斯,魏国的国君。“文”是其谥号。乐(yuè)羊:人名。中山:战国时代的小国,在今河北省定县。②封:帝王以土地,爵位、名号赐人。击:魏击,后继承君位,即魏武侯。③趋:礼貌性的小步走,表示恭敬。

1.解释下列划线字在字文中的含义。

(1)魏文侯使乐羊伐中山,之                         

   (2)我何如主                        

   (3)使翟璜召任座而之                           

2.下面方框中的文字出自《古汉语常用字字典》。“向者任座之言直”的“向”应选择的义项是                                           。

3.请用“/”给下面一句话断句。

     亲下堂迎之以为上客。

4.将下列句子译成现代汉语。

 君得中山,不以封君之弟而以封君之子,何谓仁君!

     译文:                                                                                                               

5.简答。

   (1)任座和翟璜各自表现出什么样的性格特点?

                                                                                                                                                  

   (2)魏文侯对待任座的态度前后有何不同?

                                                                                                                                                 

答案

1.(1)攻下 (2)如何,什么样,怎么样 (3)通“返”回来

2.④<副词> 刚才

3.亲 下 堂 迎 之 / 以 为 上 客

4.您得了中山之后,不封给您的弟弟,而封给您的儿子,这怎么能说是仁君呢!

5.(1)任座:为人正直,敢于直言。翟璜:善于劝谏,也是正直的臣子。(2)以翟璜之言为转折点,之前是“怒”,对任座很生气,之后是“悦,使翟璜召任座而反之,亲下堂迎之,以为上客”,礼待任座。

阅读理解

     A few years I was on a bicycle trip when I got off my bike for a rest. I sat down on the grass. A few

seconds later, I was covered in ants. They were swarming all over me so I got up and brushed them off.

It was a strange experience but I soon forgot about it.

     A couple of years later, I was living in Jordan. I had just moved into a modern flat and was unpacking

plates when I saw something move out of the corner of my eye. I looked over at the kitchen drawer and

there was a cockroach(蟑螂) crawling out of it. I screamed. Then I grabbed a can of insecticide and

sprayed it on the cockroach. He ran under the nearby bathroom door. It took me three days before I

found the courage to open the bathroom door to see if he was still alive. He wasn't.

     Why did I react so violently to one lone insect when a closer encounter with hundreds of ants hardly

affected me? The answer is easy: because cockroaches are creepy crawlies(令人害怕的爬虫) and ants

aren't. Creepy crawlies are those little bugs which provoke feelings such as apprehension(忧虑), anxiety

or aversion(讨厌) - they make your skin crawl.

     Did you know that some people feel such a fear of bugs that it becomes a phobia(恐惧)?

Psychologists have offered many explanations. Some say we associate them with dirt and disease. Or

that these are life forms that are so alien to us, that we find them repulsive(排斥的) for their dissimilarity.

     Insects, however, don't follow our rules - they just do what they want and invade our space.

Unfortunately, although insects and bugs have been a successful animal species up to now, many of them,

like many other species nowadays, are under threat of extinction. Entomologists(昆虫学家) warn that

this could upset entire ecosystems and lead to all kinds of disastrous consequences. So my plea to you is:

the next time you feel the urge to stamp on, splatter or spray a creepy crawly, give a thought to the planet

and stop.

1. Why did the author mention the ants in the beginning?

A. Because the experience with the ants presents a sharp contrast to that with the cockroach later.

B. Because the author wants to show her preference to the ants and her dislike for the cockroach.

C. Because both ants and cockroaches are creepy crawlies that the author dislikes.

D. Because meeting the ants is an unusual experience that the author can hardly forget.                              

2. What does "insecticide" in the second paragraph probably mean?                            

A. A kind of fruit juice.

B. A kitchen knife.

C. Liquid for killing insects.

D. Cleanser for the bathroom.                                                                                                               

3. How does the author feel about the bugs like cockroaches?

A. The author doesn't mind the contact with those harmless small creatures.

B. They make the author feel so awful that they should be killed.

C. They invade our space and become a threat to humans.

D. They still deserve a place for keeping the balance of the nature.hundreds of ants.

4. Which of the following is NOT the reason why the cockroach makes the author's skin crawl?

A. It looks so strange and different that the author can't accept its appearance.

B. It can make the author feel sick and cause a strong dislike.

C. The author may relate it to something dirty or disease at the sight of it.

D. It reminds the author of the experience of meeting

5. Which of the following statements about bugs is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Some people may be frightened so much by bugs that it leads to a psychological barrier in some

degree.

B. People can enjoy a cleaner living environment if more bugs like cockroaches are killed.

C. Many bugs are in danger of extinction so they should be placed under human's protection.

D. Some bugs are extremely unpleasant that people have a strong wish to destroy them.

填空题