问题 阅读理解与欣赏

论语(节选)

       子曰:“学而时习之,不亦说乎?有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎?”(《学而》)

       曾子曰:“吾日三省吾身:为人谋而不忠乎?与朋友交而不信乎?传不习乎?”(《学而》)

       子曰:“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。”(《为政》)

       子曰:“由,诲汝知之乎!知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也”(《为政》)

       子曰:“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。”(《里仁》)

       子曰:“三人行,必有我师焉;择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。”(《述而》)

       子贡问曰:“有一言而可以终身行之者乎?”子曰:“其恕乎!己所不欲,勿施于人。”(《卫灵公》)

       子曰:“默而识之,学而不厌,诲人不倦,何有于我哉?”(《述而》)

       子曰:“我非生而知之者,好古,敏以求之者。”(《述而》)

       子曰:“学如不及,犹恐失之。”(《泰伯》)

       子曰:“吾有知乎哉?无知也。有鄙夫问于我,空空如也;我叩其两端而竭焉。”(《子罕》)

       子夏曰:“日知其所亡,月无忘其所能,可谓好学也已矣。”(《子张》)

  [注释]①识(zhì):记住。②厌:满足。③好古:爱好古代文化。④及:赶上,追上。⑤鄙夫:鄙陋浅薄的人。⑥亡:指不知道的东西。

1.《论语》是记录孔子和他的弟子言行的一部书,是     家经典著作之一。

2.下列句中画线词读音和意义都不同的一组是[ ]

(1)而时习之/如不及

(2)吾日三吾身/见不贤而内自

(3)女知之乎/人不倦

(4)是也/日其所亡

3.请用自己的语言写出“吾日三省吾身”的具体内容。

                                                                                                                                                       

4.请写出对“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆”的理解。

                                                                                                                                                       

5.请用自己的语言写出“三人行,必有我师焉”的原因。

                                                                                                                                                      

6.孔子所说的“己所不欲,勿施于人”,对我们为人处世有什么启示?

                                                                                                                                                      

7.选文后五则内容都与学习有关,请你选择感悟最深的一则,写出在学习方面所获得的启示。

                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                             

答案

1.儒。

2.(4)

3.围绕“替别人办事是不是尽心竭力呢?跟朋友往来是不是诚实呢?老师传授的学业是不是复习过了呢?”回答即可。

4.围绕“只读书不思考,就会迷惑而无所得。只是空想却不读书,就会有害(疑惑)。”回答即可。

5.围绕“选择他们的长处来学习,(看到自己也有)他们那些短处就要改正”回答即可。

6.围绕“自己所讨厌的事情不能施加在别人身上”或“推己及人,以仁爱之心待人”回答即可。

7.围绕“默默地记住知识,勤奋学习而不满足;爱好古代文化,勤勉求学;勤奋好学;谦虚诚恳;温故而知新,日积月累”等回答即可。(意思对即可)

单项选择题

Passage Four

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again to have a tiger in the bank, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered drivers to resist the temptation to revenge then subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of driving. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to are ate an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, improper politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.
A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages (堵塞) that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone be well-mannered on the road. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for us to take this message to heart.

The sentence "You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. " (Para. 1) implies that ______.

A.our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists

B.rude drivers can be met only occasionally

C.the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the driver

D.nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists

多项选择题