问题 填空题

用水壶烧开水,水烧开时,在离壶嘴一定高度处冒出大量“白气”,而在壶嘴处却没有“白气”冒出.这是由于这一高度处空气的温度与壶嘴处的温度相比,明显 ______(填“高于”或“低于”)水蒸气的温度,这样,来自壶内的水蒸气遇冷就 ______(填物态变化的名称)成小水珠--就是我们所看到的“白气”.

答案

沸腾是一种剧烈的汽化现象,水烧开时,壶嘴就会喷出大量的温度较高的水蒸气,水蒸气上升,遇到温度较低的空气就会液化,形成“白气”.

故答案为:低于;液化.

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成1~4题。

雕花烟斗

冯骥才

        他被这一大盆金光灿灿的凤尾菊迷住了。

        这菊花从一人多高的花架上喷涌而出,闪着一片辉煌夺目的亮点点,活像一扇艳丽动人的凤尾,又似一道瀑布—— 一静止、无声、散着浓香的瀑布。

        不知不觉间,他掏出一个挺大的核桃木雕花烟斗,插在嘴角,突然意识到花房里不准吸烟,他慌忙四下窥探,忽见身旁肥大浓绿的美人蕉叶子中间,有一张黑黑的老汉的脸直对着他。一双灰色的小眼睛牢牢盯着他嘴上的烟斗,他刚要承认过错,那老汉却和气地说:“没关系,到这边来抽吧!”

        这是花房的一角,这老汉是花农老范。老范坐在他对面,“唐先生,您还画画不?”他怔住了。“您怎么知道我姓唐?还知道我画画?”“先前,您带学生到这儿来画过花儿,您画得美,美呀……”老范赞美的语气是由衷的,他不禁泛起一阵酸楚和温暖的感动,像他这样一位红极一时的大画家,好比高高悬挂的闪烁辉煌的大吊灯,如今被一棒打落下来,曾经光彩照人的玻璃片片,被人踩在脚下,甚至无人顾惜。难道在这奇花异卉之间,隐藏着一个知音吗?

        谁能从这老范身上找到聪慧、美和知识的影子呢?老范身子矮墩墩,微微驼背,穿一身皱巴巴的黑裤褂,沾满污痕;面色黧黑,眼睛小,眸子发灰,动作迟缓而不灵便。发现老范仍不时瞅他嘴上的烟斗。“您来尝尝我的烟斗丝吧?”唐先生诚恳地说。“不!”老范笑眯眯地,“俺是瞧您的烟斗很特别……”

        他的烟斗是特别。上面雕着一只肥胖的猫头鹰,栖息在一段短短的秃枝上,“这烟斗是我自己刻的。”他说。他想起了靠边站之后的整天无所事事,想起了某天灵机一动用木刻刀雕刻烟斗的感觉,想起了把每只烟斗都当作创作的倾尽心血的狂热,想起了家里摆满一个玻璃书柜的绝妙艺术品-- 雕好的烟斗。“美,美呀!”对面灰色的小眼睛流露出真切的钦慕之情,“您要是喜欢这烟斗,就送给您吧!”“不,不,俺要不得!”老范固执地一个劲儿摇脑袋。

        从此以后,唐先生常来花房坐坐,在饱尝冷淡、受尽歧视的他看来,这一片单纯、温厚、自然而然的人情十分珍贵。

        秋风一吹,又是赏菊的好时节。可唐先生却没有到小花房去。半年前,他被落实了政策,名画家的桂冠重新戴在头上。求画的、求烟斗的,让他忙得不亦乐乎。一天,家中高朋满座。外边又有人敲门。打开门,不觉双目一亮。面前一大盆光彩照人的凤尾菊,花后是半年多未见的老范。“哟,老范,是您呀!”矮墩墩的老范笑眯眯地站在他面前,额上沁出亮闪闪的汗珠,只频频点头。唐先生请老范坐下后,就顾不上再和他搭腔,老范一声不响地蹲坐在屋角,露出满足的神情。后来他发现了身边陈列烟斗的玻璃柜。一下子见到这么多雕着花、千奇百怪的烟斗,他看呆了,不禁发出一声声很特别的赞叹:“美,美,美呀……”没人搭理老范,唐先生感到自己认识这么一位无知的傻里傻气的怪老头很难为情。

        在又收到老范送的两次花后,唐先生从陈列柜下边一层属于一般水平的烟斗中,选择一只雕工比较简单、刻着五朵牡丹花的,送给老范。“您……”老范喜得声音都震颤了,眼睛像一对灰色的小灯泡亮了起来,双手郑重地接过烟斗,激动地吭吭巴巴,“谢谢您,唐先生,真谢谢您……”

       又一阵秋风吹起,唐先生倚坐在皮椅上,疲惫不堪。他的一幅画被莫名其妙地定为黑画,他再一次落魄,无人理睬了。这时,他听见有人轻轻叩门。打开门,一盆特大的金光灿烂的凤尾菊正堵在门口。,快请进,请进!,喘着气,。俺爹今年夏天得了肺炎,走了。他吩咐俺说,他要是不在了,无论如何也要把花给您送来。”,您知道俺爹多喜欢您送给他的烟斗吗?临终时,他叫俺把那只烟斗插在他嘴角上。”

     “什么?”唐先生惊愕地问,他好像没听清这句话。他感到心上像压了一块沉重的石板,他后悔,没有把雕刻得最精美的一只拿出来,送给老范……

                                                                                                                                            (有删改)

1.下列对小说内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(     )

A.处在人生低谷中的画家唐先生,在花房邂逅花农老范,老范对他态度和善,对他的画由衷赞美,这使他感受到久违的温暖。

B.看到烟斗柜时赞叹,美,美呀”,接受雕工简单的烟斗时……真谢谢您,刻画出老范纯朴、木讷、无知、傻气的形象。

C.老范的儿子在父亲去世之后,依照叮咛,把一盆特大的风尾菊送给唐先生,既写出了他的忠厚、孝顺,也表现了他们父子信守承诺。

D.唐先生的画被打成黑画,他再次落魄,无人理睬,这种境遇的变化,直接反映了畸形的社会现实,深刻批判了人们的虚伪。

E.一盆凤尾菊,一只雕花烟斗,几次普通的交往,表现出人性的大美,也显示了人性的缺陷,小说折射出的社会现象,引发人们深思。

2.小说中的唐先生是一个什么样的形象?请简要分析。

答:________________________________________________________________________。

3.请梳理小说情节,简析情节安排的妙处。

答: _______________________________________________________________________

4.关于小说的线索,有人认为是关于小说的线索,有人认为是“雕花烟斗”,有人认为是“凤尾菊”。你的看法呢?请结合全文,谈谈你的观点和理由。

答:________________________________________________________________________

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     How do you know if your home is an easy aim for thefts (偷窃)? Around the holidays, many families don't

consider taking proper measures to prevent their homes from suffering holiday thefts. With just a few simple

steps, you can better make sure of the safety of your home during all of the holiday celebrations. Here are a

few tips for making it difficult to tell you are away from home. 

     ● Either have a trusted neighbor pick up your mail and newspapers, or tell your mailperson to hold your

mail until you return. Nothing says "Hey, we are not home!" like when your postbox is filled with all kinds of

mails and you have many different newspapers in your driveway. 

     ● Set several different lights in your house on random timers (随机定时器). Don't leave your outdoor lights

on all the time. Instead, put your outside lights on timers to be on during the nights. If an outdoor light remains

on for days at a time, it means that nobody is home to turn it off. 

     ● If you have pets that you are not taking with you on vacation, leave them with a friend, rather than having

someone come into your house every day to take care of them. When thefts see a neighbor or friend entering

your house every day, they will know you are not home. 

     ● Close all your curtains when you leave town. This is effective to deter possible thefts, as no one can see

what is in your house. If they don't know what there is to take, then the risk is even greater for them to break

in. 

     ● This article just has suggested a few tips to help you keep your house safe while you are on holiday.

Nothing can truly protect your home unless you have it monitored by a professional home security system.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. to tell us how to prevent the thefts around the holidays.

B. to let the outdoor lights on all the time.

C. to tell us many families suffering from the thefts while they are on holiday.

D. to tell you to have your neighbor go to your house to take care of your pet.

2. If you are on holiday in other places, the lights in your house should _____.

A. be lit in an irregular way

B. be kept on all the night

C. be replaced by random timers

D. be turned on only once one day

3. To make your home is well protected, what does the writer advise you to do?

A. Have all the curtains closed

B. Stop your mail service at once

C. Turn to your close neighbors or friends

D. Equip your home with security system

4. Most of the tips mentioned in the text seem to _____.

A. be very popular with families

B. have no effect on preventing thefts

C. give a false impression on thefts

D. be a little hard to be brought into effect

5. The underlined word "deter" probably means "_____".

A. discover

B. discourage

C. surprise

D. attract