问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成下面问题。

严祺先文集序

归庄

  韩文公之文,起八代之衰,其诗亦怪怪奇奇,独辟门户,而考亭先生尝病其俗,曰《上宰相书》、《读书城南诗》是也。岂非以其汲汲于求知干进,志在利禄乎?故吾尝谓文章之事,未论其他,必先去其俗而后可。今天下多文人矣,身在草莽,而通姓名于大人先生,且朝作一文,暮镌于梓,往往成巨帙,干谒贵人及结纳知名之士,则挟以为贽,如此,文虽佳,俗矣。吾读严子祺先之文,深叹其能矫然拔俗也。无锡自顾端文、高忠宪两先生讲道东林,远绍绝学,流风未远。严子生于其乡,诵遗书,沐馀教,被服儒者,邃于经学。平日重名节,慎行藏,视世之名位利禄,若将浼焉。感愤郁塞触事而发故其文立言之旨多今人之笑为迂者。韩子尝言:“人笑之,则心以为喜。”夫人之笑韩子者,特以其文辞为流俗所笑,犹杰然为一代儒宗;若立言之旨为流俗所笑,不又加于古人一等乎!虽然,使韩子而居今之世,其立言之旨,当亦如严子之迂,必不至有上宰相之书、城南之诗,取讥于大儒矣。严子之文,余所见止数十篇,论理论事,明快严峭,恂恂儒者而笔能杀人,文辞之工如此!然吾以为文辞之工,今世文人之不免于俗者,亦或能之;其所以矫然拔俗,乃在立言之旨,世所共笑为迂者也。夫世共笑为迂,余独不以为迂,而欣赏叹诧,则余亦迂甚矣哉!(选自《陶庄集》,上海古籍出版社1984年新1版)   

  [注]①浼(měi):玷污。

1.对下列句子中加粗的词的解释,不正确的一项是(     )

A.而考亭先生尝其俗——病:批评

B.深叹其能矫然俗也——拔:拔除

C.远绝学,流风未远——绍:继承

D.不又于古人一等乎——加:超过

2.下列各句中加粗的“其”字,与“其诗亦怪怪奇奇”的“其”字意义和用法相同的一项是(     )

A.则或咎欲出者

B.秦王恐破璧,乃辞谢,固请

C.吾令人望气,皆为龙虎,成五采

D.尔无忘乃父之志

3.下列用“/”给文中加粗部分的断句,正确的一项是(     )

  感愤郁塞触事而发故其文立言之旨多今人之笑者为迂者

A.感愤郁塞/触事而发/故其文立言之旨/多今人之笑者为迂者

B.感愤郁塞/触事而发故/其文立言之旨多/今人之笑者为迂者

C.感愤郁塞/触事而发/故其文立言之旨多/今人之笑者为迂者

D.感愤郁塞/触事而发故/其文立言之旨多/今人之笑者为迂者

4.结合文意,请你谈谈作者对严祺先的文章“欣赏叹诧”的原因。

 __________________________________________________________

5.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)韩文公之文,起八代之衰。

译文:______________________________________________________

(2)故吾尝谓文章之事,未论其他,必先去其俗而后可。

译文:______________________________________________________

(3)则余亦迂甚矣哉!

译文:______________________________________________________

答案

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.因为严祺先的文章:①命意立论,卓尔不群,不被世间平庸的人所理解而受到讥笑;②说理叙事,明白晓畅,严峻犀利。(只答“恂恂儒者而笔能杀人”或“文辞之工如此”也可)

5.(1)译文:韩文公的文章,振起了八个朝代以来的衰颓(文风)。

(2)译文:所以我曾经说写文章的事情,不说别的,必须首先去除它的俗气才行。

(3)译文:那么我也迂腐得厉害啦!

选择题
阅读理解

任务型阅读。

      请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

      注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

     When a crisis (危机) develops in the world, Doctors Without Borders is usually there to help. This

organization provides emergency care to victims of armed conflict, natural and manmade disasters, and

fast-spreading diseases. The group also assists people who have no other way to receive health care. It

trains local health workers, provides mental health care, and organizes nutrition and other programs.

     Doctors Without Borders is also known by its French name, Medecins Sans Frontieres. A group of

doctors from France started the organization in 1971. They said they felt strongly that race, religion and

political beliefs should not prevent someone from receiving health care. They also said the medical needs

of individuals were more important than national borders.

     Doctors Without Borders is also working to get medicines to poor people. It is involved in a new drug

research organization in Geneva. The effort is called the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. Research

centers in Brazil, France, India, Kenya and Malaysia are also involved.

     The organizers say drug companies have forgotten about the diseases that affect millions of people in

developing countries. Scientists will seek new drugs to treat diseases like sleeping sickness and

leishmaniasis [(医)利什曼病(尤指黑热病)]. Both are spread by insects. What should be done is to spend

about two-hundred-fifty-million dollars over the next ten years to develop new treatments for these and

other diseases.

      In 1999, Doctors Without Borders won the Nobel Peace Prize. The group was recognized for its work

in the conflicts in Kosovo and East Timor.