问题 问答题 案例分析题

某矿井由混合井与风井一对立井开拓,某施工单位承揽了混合井与风井的井筒施工。在进行工业场地平面布置时,施工单位为了便于炸药库的管理和炸药安全,临时炸药库设置一个库房,容量400t炸药,布置在场地永久围墙外侧;在布置混合井稳车设备及主提升机时为了不占用永久建筑采掘设备修理车问的位置,将主提升机布置在距井筒30.5m的位置处(见下图);压风机房布置在两个井筒中间(动力负荷中心)处;水泥库及砂石料场也布置在距离两个井筒比较近的位置;临时变电所布置在工业场地一角,以不影响其他设备设施的布置,并且不占用永久建筑位置;办公室及职工宿舍布置在靠近井筒附近,便于指导现场施工及工人上下班。

问题:

1.简述施工总平面布置的原则。

2.指出该工业场地平面布置中的不合理之处,并简述理由。

答案

参考答案:

1.施工总平面布置原则的主要内容是:

1)临时建筑不能占用永久建筑位置;

2)临时建筑物标高尽可能按永久广场标高施工;

3)施工器材设备的堆放尽量靠近使用地点;

4)广场交通线路布置应方便施工,且主要运输线路和人流线路尽可能避免交叉;

5)工业性建筑物与非生产建筑物应分开布置,临时工业建筑要靠近井口;

6)各种建筑物布置要符合矿山安全规程有关防火规定。

2.该工业场地布置中不合理的地方及理由简述如下:

(1)炸药库设置与布置不合理,按照安全规程要求,单库炸药储存量不得超过200t;炸药库不能布置在工业场地永久围墙边侧,其与工业场地的距离应根据库房大小、形式按照安全规程确定,一般不应小于1000m.

(2)主提升机房距离井筒30.5m的位置不合理,两者距离太近,现场无法施工。根据现场图纸可以知道,主提升机后面是采掘设备修理车间。因为该车间无需在临时提升阶段投入使用,施工后期对其建设时间也充裕,因此安排其在临时提升机房拆除后再施工也不会影响使用。所以,临时提升机房可以后移布置,即使占用永久建筑的采掘设备修理车间,也不会影响整个工期和厂房与设备的使用。

(3)压风机房位置不合理,虽然是布置在了动力负荷中心,但是距离风井的提升机房太近,噪声影响了提升机司机的操作,造成安全隐患。

(4)水泥库及砂石料场位置不合理,该建筑占用了混合井永久提升机房的位置,而在井筒施工期间永久提升机房是必须要施工的,以免影响混合井的永久改装。

(5)临时变电所布置在工业场地的一角不合理,距离动力负荷中心太远,造成大量的动力及电缆的浪费。

(6)职工宿舍及办公室位置不合理,靠近井口太近,职工生活及办公区应与生产区分开布置。

完形填空
The teacher stood before his class and was going to hand out the final exam papers. “I know how   1  you have worked to prepare for this test,” he said. “And because I know you can do it well, I am willing to offer a B to those who   2  not to take the test.”
Many students thanked the teacher and left. The teacher looked at the students left and said, “Does anyone else want to get a ‘B’? This is your last   3 .” Two more students decided to go.
Only seven students were still in the classroom. The teacher then handed out the papers. There were only three sentences on the paper: Congratulations! You have just   4  an ‘A’ in this class. Keep believing in   5 .
I never had a teacher like that, but I think it is a test that any teacher could give. Students who are not  6  in what they have learned are ‘B’ students at most.
The same is   7  in our daily life. The ‘A’ students are those who believe in what they are doing because they have   8  both successes and failures. They have got life’s lessons, not only from normal education, but from events in their   9 , and have become   10  people. You see, one should always believe in himself.
小题1:
A.luckilyB.terriblyC.quietlyD.hard
小题2:
A.dislikeB.goC.preferD.start
小题3:
A.chanceB.troubleC.testD.idea
小题4:
A.givenB.sentC.discoveredD.received
小题5:
A.himselfB.yourselfC.themselvesD.ourselves
小题6:
A.confidentB.luckyC.difficultD.easy
小题7:
A.wrongB.impossibleC.trueD.good
小题8:
A.heard ofB.dreamed of C.learned from D.caredabout
小题9:
A.studiesB.activitiesC.livesD.trips
小题10:
A.ruderB.braver C.worseD.better
单项选择题