问题 解答题

如果在一棵生长良好的树的树枝上环剥一圈皮,过一段时间树枝上就会出现树瘤.那么,树瘤是在伤口的上方还是下方?为什么?______.

答案

筛管是植物韧皮部内输导有机养料的管道.由许多管状活细胞上下连接而成.相邻两细胞的横壁上有许多小孔,称为“筛孔”.两细胞的原生质体通过筛孔彼此相通.筛管没有细胞核,但筛管是活细胞.叶片进行光合作用制造的有机物通过筛管自上而下运输到其它器官如根.因此将树枝环剥一圈树皮后叶制造的有机物向下运输到切口处不能在向下运输,就在切口上方积聚起来形成节瘤. 

故答案为:树瘤在伤口的上方,因为环剥时割断的是树皮中的筛管,而筛管是将叶制造的有机物向下运输的,割断后有机物就在伤口上方聚集,从而形成树瘤.

辨析题

       玻利瓦尔、圣马丁、章西女王都是在殖民地人民反抗殖民统治斗争中涌现出来的杰出领导人。请说出玻利瓦尔与詹西女王的主要事迹。并且思考我们可以从他们身上学到哪些优秀品质?

                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                             

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